Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Melting of Glass

  • Conference paper
Introduction to Glass Science

Abstract

It is the purpose of this review to survey the principal aspects of the melting of commercially important glasses and to articulate those parameters which should be of concern to the successful technologist. No attempt will be made to provide an exhaustive literature survey. Rather, only selected sources which are useful within the context of the discussion will be referenced; special attention will be given recent findings. Nonetheless, at the outset, it is appropriate to refer the reader to previous summaries or reviews which provide a sound background. Jebsen-Marwedel’s volume1 which concerns itself primarily with glass defects also provides useful discussions of the subject areas to be considered here. The compilation of papers presented at the Symposium on the Melting of Glass held in Brussels in 1958,2 especially the summary by Dubrul, remains a helpful reference. The Handbook of Glass Manufacture,3 particularly the chapter by Tooley, is useful. More recently, Cable4 has provided an authoritative review.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. H. Jebsen-Marwedel, Glastechnische Fabrikationsfehler, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Symposium on the melting of glass, Union Scientific Continental du Verre, Charleroi (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  3. F. V. Tooley, Handbook of glass manufacture, Ogden Publishing Company, New York (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. Cable, Eighth International Congress on Glass, 164–178, Society of Glass Technology, Sheffield (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  5. E. M. Levin, H. F. McMurdie and F. P. Hall, Phase diagrams for ceramists, The American Ceramic Society, Columbus (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  6. J. Moss, Glass Ind. 50, 536–539 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Vidal, Glastech. Ber. 36, 305–323 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. W. H. Manring and W. C. Bauer, Glass Ind. 45, 354–357, 413-416, 449-451 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  9. W. Buss, Glastech, Ber. 32, 89–95 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. W. Buss, Ibid 35, 167-176 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  11. K. G. Kreider and A. R. Cooper, Glass Technol. 8, 71–73 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Hlavac and H. Nademlynska, Ibid 10, 54-58 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  13. E. F. Riebling, Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 48, 766–769 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. J. C. Potts, G. Brookover and O. G. Buren, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 27, 225–231 (1944).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. C. Kröger, Glastech. Ber. 25, 307–315 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  16. A. Pons and F. Pons, Method of determining the melting rate of soda-silica batches and some applications, Paper No. 56, International Congress on Glass, Brussels (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  17. R. Brückner, Glastech. Ber. 34, 289–299 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  18. R. Brückner, Ibid 34, 518-528 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  19. R. Brückner, Ibid 35, 93-105 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  20. A. R. Conroy, W. H. Manring and W. C. Bauer, Glass Ind. 47, 84–89, 110, 133-139 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. W. H. Manring, D. D. Billings, A. R. Conroy and W. C. Bauer, Ibid 48, 374-380 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  22. J. P. Poole (Brockway Glass Co.), U.S. 3,375,095 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  23. C. Kröger and F. Marwan, Glastech. Ber. 29, 275–289 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  24. V. Stoicheva, Tsv. Vodenicharova and E. Karaslojanova, Stroitelni Mat. Silikat Prom. 7, 31–34 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. L. G. Mel’nichenko, V. P. Sokol’skii and T. S. Ostapenko, Steklo Keram 8, 8–9 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  26. F. de Körösy, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 20, 162–163 (1941).

    Google Scholar 

  27. R. Roy, Ibid 52, 344 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  28. C. J. Brown, Jr. (Libby-Owens-Ford Glass Co.), U.S. 3, 325, 298 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  29. J. Yamamato and E. Komatsu, Glass Ind. 49, 491–493 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  30. W. H. Manring and A. R. Conroy, Ibid 49, 199-203, 269-270 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  31. J. R. Carroll, J. C. Maginn and G. Y. Anders, The submerged-combustion technique for high-temperature melting, presented at the Eleventh National Heat Transfer Conference, Aiche-Asme, Minneapolis (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  32. J. F. G. Hicks, Glass Ind. 47, 140–141, 160 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  33. L. Penberthy, Ibid 47, 319-322 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  34. W. D. Johnston, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 48, 184–190 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. D. Brown and R. W. Douglas, Glass Technol. 6, 190–196 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. K. Karlsson, Glastek. Tidskr. 24, 13–19 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. R. W. Douglas and M. S. Zaman, Phys. Chem. Glasses 10, 125–132 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. R. J. Ryder, J. Can. Ceram. Soc. 38, 95–101 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. G. E. Rindone, Glass Ind. 38, 489–493, 516, 526, 528, 561-565, 576, 577 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Symposium on the refining of glass, Union Scientific Continental du Verre, Charleroi (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  41. M. Cable, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 49, 436–441 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. H. Scholze, Eighth International Congress on Glass, 69–83, Society of Glass Technology, Sheffield (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  43. I. E. J. Sainsbury, Glass Technol. 8, 138–147 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. A. G. Bossard and E. R. Begley, Symposium on defects in glass, 69–81, International Commission on Glass and the Ceramic Association of Japan, Tokyo-Kyoto (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  45. D. A. Krohn, Ceramic Ind. 90, 44–46, 65 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  46. J. Chmielenski, Szklo i Ceramika 14, 322–329 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. H. Meyer and H. Poehnitzsch, Glastech. Ber. 38, 393–397 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  48. E. Plumat, Reference 40, 349-398.

    Google Scholar 

  49. E. Plumat, F. Toussaint and M. Boffee, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 49, 551–558 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. A. G. Bossard (Corning Glass Works), U.S. 2,919,209 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  51. J. H. Cowan, W. M. Buehl and J. R. Hutchins III, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 49, 559–562 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. W. M. Buehl and J. H. Cowan, Jr. (Corning Glass Works), U. S. 3,387,961 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  53. T. Inoue and Y. Ikeda, Study on the fine seeds in flat glass, Symposium on defects in glass, 273-284, International Commission on Glass and the Ceramic Association of Japan, Tokyo-Kyoto (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  54. M. Cable, Glass Technol. 2, 60–70 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Corning Glass Works, Br. 1, 159, 647 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  56. G. H. Frischat and H. J. Oel, Glastech. Ber. 38, 156–166 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. G. H. Frischat and H. J. Oel, Phys. Chem. Glasses 8, 92–95 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. H. Scholze, Glass Ind. 47, 546–551, 622-628, 670-675 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. M. L. Pearce, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 47, 342–347 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. C. Kröger and D. Lummerzheim, Glastech. Ber. 38, 229–232 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  61. C. Kröger and N. Goldmann, Ibid 35, 459-466 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  62. M. Cable, A. R. Clarke and M. A. Haroon, Glass Technol. 9, 101–104 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  63. M. Cable, A. R. Clarke and M. A. Haroon, Ibid 10, 15-21 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  64. L. Nemec, Ibid 10, 176-181 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  65. C. H. Green and H. A. Lee, Jr., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 48, 528–533 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. R. H. Doremus, Ibid 43, 655-661 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  67. M. Cable, Glass Technol. 2, 151–158 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. C. H. Greene and D. R. Platts, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 52, 106–109 (1969).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. H. O. Mulfinger and H. Franz, Glastech. Ber. 38, 235–242 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. T. H. Elmer and M. E. Nordberg, Nitrided glasses, Paper No. 30, Seventh International Congress on Glass, Brussels (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  71. H. O. Mulfinger, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 49, 462–467 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. G. H. Frischat and H. J. Oel, Glastech. Ber. 40, 311 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. M. Cable, C. G. Rasul and J. Savage, Glass Technol. 9, 25–31 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. M. Boffe, G. Pecreaux and E. Plumat, Symposium on nucleation and crystallization in glasses and melts, 47–54, American Ceramic Society, Columbus (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  75. A. R. Cooper, Jr., Glass Technol. 7, 2–11 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. J. Löffler, Glastech. Ber. 30, 457–463 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  77. V. I. Shelyubskii, Symposium on defects in glass, 116–138, International Commission on Glass and the Ceramic Association of Japan, Tokyo-Kyoto (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  78. S. M. Budd and M. Blanchard, Glass Technol. 7, 12–14 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. E. W. Deeg and C. G. Silverberg, Glass Ind. 51, 164–167 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Glass Research Center, PPG Industries, Inc., P. O. Box 11472, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15238, USA

    E. Lowell Swarts

Authors
  1. E. Lowell Swarts
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Engineering/Science, State University of New York, College of Ceramics, Alfred University, Alfred, New York, USA

    L. D. Pye , H. J. Stevens  & W. C. LaCourse ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1972 Plenum Press, New York

About this paper

Cite this paper

Swarts, E.L. (1972). The Melting of Glass. In: Pye, L.D., Stevens, H.J., LaCourse, W.C. (eds) Introduction to Glass Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0328-3_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0328-3_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0330-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0328-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation