Summary
Multiple limbs were obtained from either limb buds or mature limbs. By counting the fibers of the main nerves at homologous levels of both multiple limbs and contralateral single limbs, it was shown that the innervation of each duplicated distal part of the limb was quantitatively similar to the innervation of an equal single limb. Only in the late induced multiple limbs from regenerating mature limbs, the excess of nerve fibers distal to the branching level of the multiple limbs, modified a little if any the fiber amount of the proximal common base. In the early induced multiple limbs from limb buds, a large percentage of the distal fiber excess was found in the nerves of the common base of the limb. These results suggest a possible additional recruitment of neurons only at an early stage of limb formation. They are discussed in connection with results obtained in other vertebrates.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Butler, J., Cauwenbergs, P., and Cosmos, E., 1986, Fate of brachial muscles of the chick embryo innervated by inappropriate nerves: structural, functional and histochemical analyses, J. Embryol. exp. Morph., 95:147–168.
Detwiler, S.R., 1920, On the hyperplasia of nerve centers resulting from excessive peripheral loading, Nal. Acad. Sci., 6:96–101.
Detwiler, S.R., and Lewis, R.W., 1925, Size changes in primary brachial motor neurones following limb excision in Ambystoma embryos, J. Comp. Neurol., 39:291–300.
Egar, M., and Singer, M., 1971, A quantitative electron microscope analysis of peripheral nerve in the urodele amphibian in relation to limb regenerative capacity, J. Morph., 133:387–398.
Francis, E.T.B., 1934, “The anatomy of the salamander”. Oxford University Press, London.
Freeman, J.M., and Davey, D.F., 1986, The precision of pathway selection by developing peripheral axons in the axolotl, J. Embryol. exp. Morph., 91:117–134.
Gallien, L. et Durocher, M., 1957, Table du developpement chez Pleurodeles waltlii, Michah., Bull. Biol. Fr. Belg., 91:97–114.
Hamburger, V., 1958, Regression versus peripheral control of differentiation in motor hypoplasia, J. Anat., 102:365–410.
Holliday, M., and Hamburger, V., 1976, Reduction of the naturally occurring motor neuron loss by enlargement of the periphery, J. Comp. Neurol., 170:311–320.
Harrison, R.G., 1921, On relations of symmetry in transplanted limbs. J. Exp. Zool., 32:1–136.
Lamb, A.H., 1979, Ventral horn cell counts in a Xenopus with naturally occurring supernumerary hind limbs, J. Embryol. exp. Morph., 49:13–16.
Lheureux, E., Thorns, S.D., and Carey, F., 1986, The effects of two retinoids on limb regeneration in Pleurodeles watlt and Triturus vulgaris, J. Embryol. exp. Morph., 92:165–182.
Prestige, M.C., 1967, The control of cell number in the lumbar ventral horn during the development of Xenopus laevis tadpoles, J. Embryol. exp. Morph., 18:359–387.
Prestige, M.C., and Wilson, M.A., 1974, A quantitative study of the growth and development of the ventral root in normal and experimental conditions, J. Embryol. exp. Morph., 23:819–833.
Rowe, R.W.D., and Goldspink, G., 1969, Muscle fiber growth in five different muscles in both sexes of mice. I. Normal mice, J. Anat., 104:265–283.
Sperry, D.G., and Grobstein, P., 1985, Regulation of neuron numbers in Xenopus laevis: Effects of hormonal manipulation altering size at metamorphosis, J. Comp. Neurol., 232:287–298.
Stephens, N., and Holder, N., 1985, A horseradish peroxidase study of motorneuron pools of the forelimb and hind-limb musculature of the axolotl, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B., 224: 325–339
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zenjari, C., Lheureux, E. (1989). A Quantitative Study of Innervation in Newt Multiple Limbs: Nerve Fibre Counts in Multiple Limbs Produced from Either Limb Buds or Mature Regenerating Limbs. In: Kiortsis, V., Koussoulakos, S., Wallace, H. (eds) Recent Trends in Regeneration Research. NATO ASI Series, vol 172. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9057-2_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9057-2_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9059-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-9057-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive