Abstract
From the early days of civilization, man has attempted to augment his ability to “think” by building machines that facilitate the processing of knowledge. Many such machines are primarily concerned with numerical computation. However, during the last few years, systems have been built that can “reason” in the sense that they are able to check a body of knowledge for consistency and are able to infer implicit knowledge from that which they have been given explicitly.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aho, A. V., Ullman, J. D. (1986). Principles of compiler design. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Aikins, J. (1980). Representation of control knowledge in expert systems. Proceedings of the First AAAI Conference, Stanford: Stanford University.
Balzer, R., Erman, L., London, P., Williams, C. (1980). Hearsay-III: A domain independent framework for expert systems. Proceedings of the First AAAI Conference. Stanford: Stanford University.
Ben-Ari, Manna, Z., Pneuli, A. (1981). The temporal logic of branching time. Eighth Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages. Vancouver: Williamsburg.
Bibel, W. (1983). Matings in matrices. CACM, 26 (11), 844–852.
Buchanan, B. G., Sutherland, G., Geigenbaum, E. (1969). Heuristic DENDRAL: A program for generating explanatory hypotheses in organic chemistry. In B. Meltzer D. Michie (Eds.), Machine intelligence (Vol. 5 ). New York: Elsevier.
Bundy, A. (1983). The computer modelling of mathematical reasoning. London: Academic Press.
Bundy, A. (1984). Incidence calculus: A mechanism for probabilistic reasoning (Research Paper No. 216). Edinburgh: Department of Artificial Intelligence, Edinburgh University.
Carbonell, J. G. (1982). Experimental learning in analogical problem solving. In Proceedings of the AAAI 82. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh.
Clifford, J., Warren, D. S. (1983). Formal semantics for time in databases. ACM TODS, 8(2), 214–254.
Cohn, A. G. (1984). A note concerning the axiomatisation of Schubert’s steamroller in many sorted logic.
In J. Alvey, Inference workshop report London: Imperial College. Fine, T. (1973). Theories of probability New York: Academic Press.
Frost, R. A. (1986). Introduction to knowledge based systems. London: Collins; New York: Macmillan.
Georgeff, M. P. (1982). Procedural control in production systems. Artificial Intelligence, 18, 175–201.
Kowalski, R. A., Kuehner, D. (1971). Linear resolution with selection function. Artificial Intelligence, 2, 227–260.
Lebowitz, M. (1980). Languages and memory: Generalization as a part of understanding. Proceedings of AAAI 80. Stanford: Stanford University.
Loveland, D. (1969). Theorem provers combining model elimination and resolution. In B. Meltzer D. Michie (Eds.), Machine intelligence (Vol. 4 ). New York: Elsevier North-Holland.
Mays, E. (1982). Monitors as responses to questions: Determining competence. Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh.
McDermott, D. V., Doyle, J. (1980). Non-monotonic logic I. Artificial Intelligence, 13, 41–72.
Nishida, T., Doshita, S. (1983). An application of Montague grammar to English—Japanese machine translation. Proceedings of the Conference on Applied Natural Language Analysis, Santa Monica.
Post, E. L. (1943). Formal reductions of the general combinatorial decision problem. American Journal of Mathematics, 65, 197–215.
Quinlan, J. R. (1983). Inferno: A cautious approach to uncertain inference. Computer Journal, 26 (3), 255–268.
Reiter, R. (1971). Two results on ordering for resolution with merging and linear format. JACM, 18, 630–646.
Rescher, N. (1976). Plausible reasoning. Amsterdam: Van Gorcum.
Rich, E. (1983). Artificial intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Robinson, J. A. (1965). A machine oriented logic based on the resolution principle. JACM, 12, 25–41.
Schafer, G. (1976). A mathematical theory of evidence. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Schank, R. C., Abelson, R. P. (1977). Scripts, plans, goals and understanding. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Shortliffe, E. H. (1976). MYCIN: Computer based medical consultation. New York: American Elsevier.
Shortliffe, E. H., Buchanan, B. G. (1975). A model of inexact reasoning in medicine. Mathematical Biosciences, 23, 351–379.
van Melle, W. (1980). A domain independent system that aids in constructing knowledge based consultation programs. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Computer Science, Stanford University.
Winston, P. H. (1980). Learning and reasoning by analogy. CACM, 23 (12), 689–703.
Zadeh, L. A. (1978). Fuzzy sets as a basis for a theory of possibility. Fuzzy sets and systems. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Zadeh, L. A. (1983). Commonsense knowledge representation based on fuzzy logic. Computer, 16(10), 61–65.
Zaniolo, C. (1986). Safety and compilation of non-recursive horn clauses. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Expert Database Systems, Charleston, SC.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Frost, R.A. (1989). Machine Inference. In: Gilhooly, K.J. (eds) Human and Machine Problem Solving. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8015-3_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8015-3_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8017-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8015-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive