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Damage to DNA Caused by Hydrolysis

  • Chapter
Chromosome Damage and Repair

Part of the book series: NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series ((NSSA,volume 40))

Abstract

The covalent structure of DNA is unstable in aqueous solution. It tends to hydrolyze to its monomeric components, and they themselves are subject to various hydrolytic reactions. These processes are slow, when compared to most familiar chemical reactions. However, a reaction that is slow by these standards may still have great biological significance, if it occurs within the genetic material of an organism. A single base transformation within a DNA molecule may be sufficient to cause a mutation, or inactivate the DNA. Consider a reaction, for example, with a rate constant of 10−10 sec−1 at pH 7.4, 37°; it will have a half life of 220 years. Assume that, within a DNA, it affects two of the four bases. It will take place once every three hours per million base pairs of DNA, and thus be a significant source of damage.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, N.Y., 10003, USA

    Robert Shapiro

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  1. Robert Shapiro
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Norwegian Defense Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway

    Erling Seeberg

  2. University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Kjell Kleppe

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© 1981 Plenum Press, New York

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Shapiro, R. (1981). Damage to DNA Caused by Hydrolysis. In: Seeberg, E., Kleppe, K. (eds) Chromosome Damage and Repair. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 40. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7956-0_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7956-0_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-7958-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-7956-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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