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Advances in Microbial Ecology pp 263–304Cite as

Mathematical Modeling Of Nitrification Processes

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Part of the book series: Advances in Microbial Ecology ((AMIE,volume 11))

Abstract

An understanding of the microbial cycling of nutrients in natural ecosystems requires knowledge of both the types and numbers of microorganisms involved and the nature of the processes they carry out. The study of microorganisms in natural environments is, however, notoriously difficult. In particular, the isolation, characterization, and enumeration of “typical,” “dominant,” or “significant” microbial populations is plagued by the lack of reliable in situ detection techniques, problems associated with nondestructive removal of cells, and choice of suitable media and cultural conditions for growth in the laboratory. These problems are exacerbated in studies of nitrifying bacteria. Autotrophic ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria do not form visible colonies on solid medium, and although techniques that increase the apparent sizes of colonies of ammonia oxidizers are available (Soriano and Walker, 1973), the dilution plate technique is not convenient for routine use. Enumeration of viable cells therefore requires use of the most-probable-number (MPN) technique, which introduces an intrinsic statistical variability in addition to variability arising through cell extraction, experimental technique, and choice of suitable culture media. The length of incubation period is also critical; Matulewich et al. (1975) found that MPN counts of nitrite oxidizers had not reached a maximum after 100 days of incubation. Although the MPN technique has proved invaluable in many studies, the associated variability has led some workers to consider it qualitative rather than quantitative. Some of these problems have been overcome by use of fluorescent-antibody (FA) counting techniques (Belser, 1979), which currently provide the most accurate means of assessing total nitrifier populations in natural environments but suffer from problems of specificity.

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  1. Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Marischal College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB9 1AS, Scotland

    J. I. Prosser

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  1. University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia

    K. C. Marshall

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Prosser, J.I. (1990). Mathematical Modeling Of Nitrification Processes. In: Marshall, K.C. (eds) Advances in Microbial Ecology. Advances in Microbial Ecology, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7612-5_7

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