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Presynaptic Inhibition Mediated by Neuropeptide Y in the Mammalian CNS: Possible Physiological Implications

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Abstract

Although numerous transmitters are released by central neurons to mediate conventional synaptic transmission, it has become evident recently that there are other substances that can alter conventional synaptic transmission on a prolonged time scale relative to conventional transmitters. These substances, broadly classified as neuromodulators, can include most conventional transmitters, peptides, and other substances released by neurons, which act through pre- or postsynaptic receptors to change the level of transmitter release, change the properties of postsynaptic ion channels, alter the response of the postsynaptic cell to the actions of conventional transmitters, or alter other aspects of the biochemical machinery of the nerve cell or presynaptic terminal. In most cases, neuromodulators activate G protein-coupled receptors, which can activate (or inhibit) all known second messenger cascades, as well as ion channels and other cell surface effectors. While the interpretation of conventional fast chemical neurotransmission has been relatively straightforward, understanding the purpose of modulatory transmitters within a particular physiological system has not always been intuitive. This chapter addresses the presynaptic actions of one modulatory substance, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and advances hypotheses regarding the action of NPY in two central systems: the hippocampus and the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus of the brain stem.

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© 1993 Birkhäuser Boston

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Colmers, W.F., McQuiston, A.R., Kombian, S.B., Klapstein, G.J. (1993). Presynaptic Inhibition Mediated by Neuropeptide Y in the Mammalian CNS: Possible Physiological Implications. In: Dunwiddie, T.V., Lovinger, D.M. (eds) Presynaptic Receptors in the Mammalian Brain. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6825-0_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6825-0_6

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston

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