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Oxygen Radicals in Biology and Medicine pp 449–456Cite as

Oxygen Radicals, Lipid Peroxidation and DNA Damage in Mitochondria

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Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 49))

Abstract

Oxygen activation in eukaryotic cells occurs mainly within mitochondria, where the respiratory electron transport chain metabolizes approximately 90% of cellular oxygen. While mitochondrial oxygen metabolism supplies the cell with most of its ATP, it also results in the production of hazardous oxygen radicals.1,2 Oxygen radical production has been estimated to account for approximately 1 to 2% of mitochondrial oxygen consumption.3 Although the mitochondrion is protected by an elaborate system of antioxidants and scavengers,2,4 free radicals may escape their surveillance and cause damage to mitochondrial components. The close spatial relationship between the site of mitochondrial oxygen activation, the peroxidizable lipids of the Inner membrane, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests that oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidation may cause mutation of the mitochondrial genome. The condition of mitochondrial DNA structure is of fundamental importance because this genome encodes key enzymes of the respiratory chain.5 In view of growing evidence indicating that abnormalities of mtDNA may contribute to the etiology of aging6 and a number of diseases, including cancer,7,8 the relationship of mitochondrial oxygen radical production and mtDNA integrity merits further consideration.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Andrew M. Hruszkewycz

  2. Center for Radiation Research, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD, USA

    David S. Bergtold

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  1. Andrew M. Hruszkewycz
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  2. David S. Bergtold
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA

    Michael G. Simic

  2. International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, D.C., USA

    Karen A. Taylor

  3. Univesity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

    John F. Ward

  4. Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Federal Republic of Germany

    Clemens von Sonntag

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© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

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Hruszkewycz, A.M., Bergtold, D.S. (1988). Oxygen Radicals, Lipid Peroxidation and DNA Damage in Mitochondria. In: Simic, M.G., Taylor, K.A., Ward, J.F., von Sonntag, C. (eds) Oxygen Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Basic Life Sciences, vol 49. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5568-7_69

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5568-7_69

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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