Abstract
Many investigators have hypothesized that a timely induction or activation of the granulosal aromatase system and the concomitant changes in the intrafollicular sex steroid profiles are major determinants of the dominant follicle during its selection early in the ovarian cycle. Adashi and Hsueh (1982) suggested that intrafollicular estrogen can enhance the actions of FSH through aromatase stimulation. Once a chosen follicle is producing a significant amount of estrogen, it then would have the capacity to produce more estrogen than neighboring follicles and the selection of the dominant follicle would be assured. In contrast, follicles destined to undergo atresia may not be able to produce enough estrogen to counteract the adverse effects of FSH deprivation. Moor et al. (1978), Carson et al. (1981), and Tsonis et al. (1985) concluded that reduced aromatase activity in atretic follicles was due to a loss of existing aromatase activity rather than a failure to acquire this activity initially, and suggested that a decrease in aromatase activity was an early event in the atretic degeneration of antral follicles. It is the lack of granulosal aromatase and not androgen substrate per se which limits estrogen production in human atretic follicles. Thus, atresia appears to be, at least in part, an active event, mediated by the intra-ovarian suppression of FSH responsive aromatase activity.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adashi EY, Hsueh ASW, 1982. Estrogens augment the stimulation of ovarian aromatase activity by follicle-stimulating hormone in cultured rat granulosa cells. J Biol Chem 257:6077–6083
Cahill LP, Driancourt MA, Chamley WA, Findlay JK, 1985. Role of intrafollicular regulators and FSH in growth and development of large antral follicles in sheep. J Reprod Fertil 75:1–9
Carson RS, Findlay JK, Clarke IJ, Burger HG, 1981. Estradiol, testosterone and androstenedione in ovine follicular fluid during growth and atresia of ovarian follicles. Biol Reprod 24:105–112
Charming CP, Anderson LD, Hoover DJ, Kolena J, Osteen KG, Pomerantz SH, Tanabe K, 1982. The role of nonsteroidal regulators in control of oocyte and follicular maturation. Recent Prog Horm Res 38:331–404
Chari S, Daume E, Strum G, Vaupel H, Schuler I, 1985. Regulators of steroid secretion and inhibin activity in human ovarian follicular fluid. Mol Cell Endocrinol 41:137–145
Chicz R, Nakamura RM, Goebelsmann U, Campeau JD, Tonetta SA, Frederick JJ, diZerega GS, 1986. Follicle regulatory protein noncompetitively inhibits microsomal 3B-ol dehydrogenase activity. J Steroid Biochem 23:662–668
Chikazawa K, Araki S, Tamada T, 1986. Morphological and endocrinological studies on follicular development during the human menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 62:305–313
diZerega GS, Hodgen GD, 1981. Folliculogenesis in the primate ovarian cycle. Endocrine Rev 2:27–49
diZerega GS, Marrs RP, Campeau JD, Nakamura RM, Kling OR, 1983a. Human granulosa cell secretion of protein(s) which suppress follicular response to gonadotropins. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 56:147–155
diZerega GS, Campeau JD, Lobo RA, Nakamura RM, Ujita EL, Marrs RP, 1983b. Activity of a human follicular fluid protein(s) during normal and stimulated ovarian cycles. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 57:838–846
diZerega GS, Campeau JD, Ujita EL, Kling OR, Marrs RP, Lobo RA, Nakamura RM, 1983c. Possible role for a follicular fluid protein in the intraovarian regulation of folliculogenesis. Sem Reprod Endocrinol 1:309–322
Hillier SG, 1985. Sex steroid metabolism and follicular development in the ovary. Oxf Rev Reprod Biol 7:168–222
Holmberg EA, Campeau JD, diZerega GS, 1986. Purification of follicle regulatory protein by preparative gel electrophoresis. Prot Biol Fluid 34:911–916
Kling OR, Roche PC, Campeau JD, diZerega GS, 1984. Identification of protein(s) in porcine follicular fluid which suppress follicular response to gonadotropins. Biol Reprod 30:564–572
Lew MW, Katt EL, Rodgers KE, diZerega GS, 1987. Alteration of follicle regulatory protein levels in human reproductive disorders: Anovulation. Obstet Gynecol 67:000 (In Press)
Marrs RP, Lobo RA, Campeau JD, Ujita EL, Nakamura RM, diZerega GS, 1984. Correlation of human follicular fluid inhibin activity with spontaneous and stimulated follicular development. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 58:704–709
McNatty KP, 1982. Ovarian follicular development from the onset of luteal regression in humans and sheep. In: Rolland R, vanHall EV, Hillier SG, McNatty KP, Schoemaker J (eds.), The proceedings of the IVth Reinier De Graaf Symposium, “Follicular Maturation and Ovulation”. Elsiever, Amsterdam, pp 1–18
McNatty KP, Hillier SG, van den Boogaard AMJ, Trimbus-Kemper TCM, Reichert LE, vanHall EV, 1983. Follicular development during the luteal phase of the human menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 56:1022–1031
McNatty KP, Hudson N, Gibb M, Ball K, Henderson KM, Heath DA, Lun S, Kieboom LE, 1985. FSH influences follicle viability, oestradiol biosynthesis and ovulation rate in Romney ewes. J Reprod Fertil 75:121–131
Montz FJ, Ujita EL, Campeau JD, diZerega GS, 1984. Inhibition of LH/hCG binding to porcine granulosa cells by a follicular fluid protein(s). Am J Obstet Gynecol 148:436–441
Ono T, Campeau JD, Holmberg EA, Nakamura RM, Ujita EL, Devereaux DL, Tonetta SA, DeVinna R, Ugalde M, diZerega GS, 1986. Biochemical and physiological characterization of follicle regulatory protein: a paracrine regulator of folliculogenesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 154:709–716
Saito H, Hiroi M, 1986. Correlation between the follicular gonadotropin inhibitor and the maturity of the ovum-corona-cumulus complex. Fertil Steril 46:66–72
Schreiber JR, diZerega GS, 1986. Porcine follicular fluid protein(s) inhibits rat ovary granulosa cell steroidogenesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 155:1281–1288
Shaw KJ, Campeau JD, Roche PC, diZerega GS, 1985. Porcine granulosa cell production of plasminogen activator: Disparity between the effects of hCG and FSH. Clin Exp Endocrinol 8:26–34
Tonetta SA, Yanagihara DL, Bryant S, diZerega GS, 1986. Quantitation of FRP secretion by porcine granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 35(suppl 1) 1–3
Tsonis CG, Carson RG, Findlay JK, 1985. Relationships between aromatase activity, follicular fluid oestradiol-17B and testosterone concentrations, and diameter and atresia of individual ovine follicles. J Reprod Fertil 72:153–163
Tsutsumi I, Fujimori K, Ono T, Nakamura RM, diZerega GS, 1987. Inhibition of spermatogenesis in the rat with follicle regulatory protein. Bio Reprod 36:000 (In Press)
Tsutsumi I, Toppari J, Campeau JD, diZerega GS. Inhibition of fertility in the male rat by systemic treatment with follicle regulatory protein. Fertil Steril (in review)
Ujita EL, Campeau JD, diZerega GS, 1986. Inhibition of porcine granulosa cell adenylate cyclase activity by an ovarian protein. Expl Clin Endocrinol 87:000 (In Press)
Weimer S, Campeau JD, diZerega GS, 1984. Alteration of human follicular fluid plasminogen activator activity by ovarian hyperstimulation. IVF 4:263–266
Winer-Sorgen S, Brown J, Ono T, Gale J, Campeau JD, Marrs RP, diZerega GS, 1986. Correlation of oocyte maturation inhibitor activity in human follicular fluid: quantitative determination in unstimulated, clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin stimulated ovarian cycles. IVF 4:218–223
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
diZerega, G.S., Tonetta, S.A., Fujimori, K., Westhof, G. (1987). Levels of Follicle Regulatory Protein in Regular Menstruating and Amenorrheic Patients. In: Mahesh, V.B., Dhindsa, D.S., Anderson, E., Kalra, S.P. (eds) Regulation of Ovarian and Testicular Function. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 219. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5395-9_49
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5395-9_49
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5397-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5395-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive