Abstract
The study of membrane receptors, their specificity and their relation to membrane transport and signalling ranks among the most important of the current unsolved problems in biological research. One membrane transport system that has received unprecedented attention during the last dozen years as a model system for such investigations has been bacteriorhodopsin, a retinal-containing protein which exists in specialized regions of the envelope membranes of halobacteria called “purple membrane.” Certain mutants of halobacteria also produce similar “white membranes” containing the apoprotein only. In both instances, there is evidence that the proteins are organized in a hexagonal arrangement in tightly packed arrays.1, 2
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Henderson, R., and Unwin, P.N.T., Three Dimensional Model of Purple Membrane Obtained by Electron Microscopy, Nature, 257 (1975).
Mukohata, Y., Sugiyama Y. Kaji, Y., Usukura, J., and Yamada, E., The White Membrane of Crystalline Bacterhiodopsin in Halobacterium Halobium Strain R.M.W. and its Conversion into Purple Membrane by Exogenous Retinal, Photochem. Photobio. 33 (1981).
Nagle, S.F., Parodi, L.A., and Lozier, R.H., Procedure for Testing Kinetic Models of the Photocycle in Bacteriorhodopsin, Biophys. J. 38 (1982).
Chang, C.H., Chen J.G., Govindjee R., and Ebrey T., Cation Binding by Bacteriorhodopsin, Proceedings of the Nat. Acad. Sciences., 82 (1984).
Tsuji, K. and Rosenheck, K., Cation Binding by Bacteriorhodopsin, FEBS Lett, 98 (1974).
Arrio, B., Johannin, G., Volfin, P., Lefort-Tran, M., Packer, L., Robinson, A.E., and Hrabeta, E., Aggregation of Purple Membrane Fragments Following Cleavage of the C-Terminal Tail of Bact-riorhodopsin by Proteolysis, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 246:1 (1986).
Lefort-Tran, M., Pouphile, M., Arrio, B., Johannin, G., Volfin, P., and Packer, L., Stacking of Purple Membranes in vitro, in; Ion Interactions of Biological Systems, New York, Plenum Press, (1985).
Robinson, A.E., Hrabeta, E., and Packer, L., Measurement of Proton/М412 Ratios in Suspensions of Purple and White Membranes from Halobacterium halobium, in: “Ion Interactions of Biological Systems,” Plenum Press, New York (1985).
Lam, E., Fry, I., Packer, L., and Mukohata, Y., Comparison of the 0650 Photo-intermediate and Acid-induced Species in Membrane Patches from Halogacterium Halobium S, and R, MW Strains, FEBS Lett. 146:1 (1982).
Carmeli, C, Quintanilha, A.T., and Packer, L., Surface Charge Changes in Purple Membranes and the Photoreaction Cycle of Bacteriorhodopsin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:4707–4711 (1980).
Packer, L., Arrio, B., Johannin, G. and Volfin, P., Surface Charge of Purple Membranes Measured by Electrophoretic Light Scattering, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 122:252–258 (1984).
Packer, L. and Arrio, B., Characterization of purple membranes containing bacteriorhodopsin in reconstitute lipid systems, in: “Proceedings from conference on °New Technological Applications of Phospholipid Bilayers, Thin Films, and Vesicles’,”Plenum Press, New York (1986).
Konishi, T., Tristram, S. and Packer, L., The Effect of Cross-Linking on Photocycling Activity of Bacteriorhodopsin, Photochem. Photobiol. 29:353–358 (1979).
Lam, E., and Packer, L., Effect of Fluorescamine Modification of Purple Membranes on Exciton Coupling and Light-To-Dark Adaptation, Biochem. Biophy. Res. Coram. 101:464–471 (1981).
Scherrer, P., Packer, L. and Seltzer, S., Effect of lodination of the Purple Membrane on the Photocycle of Bacteriorhodopsin, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 212:589–601 (1981).
Lam, E., Seltzer, S., Katsura, T. and Packer, L., Light-Dependent Nitration of Bacteriorhodopsin, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 227:321–328 (1983).
Packer, L., Tristram, S., Herz, J.M., Russell, C. and Borders, C.L., Chemical Modification of Purple Membranes: Role of Arginine and Carboxylic Acid Residues in Bacteriorhodopsin, FEBS Lett. 108:243–248 (1979).
Herz, J.M. and Packer, L., Structural Involvement of Carboxyl Residues in the Photocycle of Bacteriorhodopsin, FEBS Lett. 131:158–164 (1981).
Herz, J.M., Mehlhorn, R.J., and Packer, L., Topographic Studies of Spin-Labeled Bacteriorhodopsin: Evidence for Buried Carboxyl Residues and Immobilization of the COOH-Terminal Tail, J. Biol. Chem. 258:9899–9907 (1983).
Konishi, T. and Packer, L., A Proton Channel in Bacteriorhodopsin, FEBS Lett. 89 (1978).
Dencher, N.A., Burghaus, P.A., and Grzesiek, S., Active and Passive Proton Translocation Across Bacteriorhodopsin, VNU Press (1986).
Chang, C.H., Jonas, R., Melchiore, S., Govindjee, R., and Ebrey, T.G., Mechanism and Role of Divalent Cation Binding of Bacteriorhodopsin Biophys. J. Vol. 49 (1986).
Ariki, M. and Lanyi, J.K., Characterization of Metal Ion-binding Sites in Bacteriorhodopsin, J. Bio. Chem. 261:18 (1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Packer, L. (1987). Bacteriorhodopsin: Molecular Biology of the Light Activated Proton and Divalent Cation Receptor in the Membranes of Halobacteria. In: Wirtz, K.W.A. (eds) Membrane Receptors, Dynamics, and Energetics. NATO ASI Series, vol 133. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5335-5_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5335-5_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5337-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5335-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive