Abstract
The secretion of somatostatin (SS) from nerve terminals of hypothalamic neurons can be measured in several different experimental models. Direct measurement of peptide release by radioimmunoassay is generally held to be the most reliable method.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bennett G, Edwardson J, Marcano De Cotte D, Berelowitz M, Pimstone B, Kronheim S. Release of somatostatin from rat brain synaptosomes. J Neurochem 1979; 32: 1127 - 30.
Wakabayashi I, Miyazawawa H, Kanda M, et al. Stimulation of immunoreactive somatostatin release from hypothalamic synaptosomes by high K and dopamine. Endocrinol Jpn 1977; 24: 601 - 6.
Lewis B, Dieguez C, Lewis M,Hall R, Scanlon M. Hypothalamic D2 receptors mediate the preferential release of somatostatin-28 in response to dopaminergic stimulation. Endocrinology 1986 (in press).
Chihara K, Arimura A, Schally A. Effect of intraventricular injection of dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and serotonin on immunoreactive somatostatin release into rat hypophyseal portal blood. Endocrinology 1979; 104: 1656 - 62.
Robbins R, Leidy J, Landon R. The effects of growth hormone, prolactin, corticotropin, and thyrotropin on the production and secretion of somatostatin by hypothalamic cells in vitro. Endocrinology 1985; 117: 538 - 43.
Ojeda S, Negro-Vilar A, Arimura A, McCann S. On the hypothalamic mechanism by which prostaglandin E2 stimulates growth hormone release. Neuroendocrinology 1980; 31: 1 - 7.
Maeda K, Frohman L. Release of somatostatin and thyrotropin releasing hormone from rat hypothalamic fragments in vitro. Endocrinology 1980; 106: 1837 - 42.
Terry L, Rorstad 0, Martin J. The release of biologically and immunologically reactive somatostatin from perfused hypothalamic fragments. Endocrinology 1980; 107: 794 - 800.
Epelbaum J, Tapia-Arancibia L, Kordon C. Noradrenaline stimulates somatostatin release from incubated slices of the amygdala and the hypothalamic preoptic area. Brain Res 1981; 215: 393 - 7.
Negro-Vilar A, Ojeda S, Arimura A, McCann S. Dopamine and norepinephrine stimulate somatostatin release by median eminence fragments in vitro. Life Sci 1978; 23: 1493 - 6.
Richardson S, Hollander C, Prasad J, Hirooka Y. Somatostatin release from rat hypothalamus in vitro: effects of melatonin and serotonin. Endocrinology 1981; 109: 602 - 6.
Richardson S, Hollander C, D’Eletto R, Greenleaf P, Thaw C. Acetylcholine inhibits the release of somatostatin from rat hypothalamus in vitro. Endocrinology 1980; 107: 122 - 9.
Epelbaum J, Tapia-Arancibia L, Besson J, Rotsztejn W, Kordon C. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide inhibits release of somatostatin from hypothalamus in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 1979; 58: 493 - 9.
Gamse R, Vaccaro D, Gamse G, DiPace M, Fox T, Leeman S. Release of immunoreactive somatostatin from hypothalamic cells in culture: inhibition by gamma amino butyric acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980; 77: 5552 - 6.
Takahara J, Yunoki S, Hosogi H, Yakushiji W, Kageyama J, Tadashi 0. Concomitant increases in serum growth hormone and hypothalamic somatostatin in rats after injection of GAGA, amino-oxyacetic acid or gamma hydroxybutyric acid. Endocrinology 1980; 106: 343 - 7.
Kanatsuka A, Makino H, Matsushima Y, Osegawa M, Yamamoto M, Kumagai S. Effect of hypophysectomy and growth hormone administration on somatostatin content in the rat hypothalamus. Neuroendocrinology 1979; 29: 186 - 90.
Patel Y. Growth hormone stimulates hypothalamic somatostatin. Life Sci 1979; 24: 1589 - 94.
Hoffman D, Baker B. Effect of treatment with growth hormone on somatostatin in the median eminence of hypophysectomized rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1977; 156: 265 - 71.
Berelowitz M, Firestone S, Frohman L. Effects of growth hormone excess and deficiency on hypothalamic somatostatin content and release and on tissue somatostatin distribution. Endocrinology 1981; 109: 714 - 9.
Chihara K, Minimata N, Kaji H, Arimura A, Fujita T. Intraventricularly injected growth hormone stimulates somatostatin release into rat hypophyseal portal blood. Endocrinology 1981; 109: 2279 - 81.
Sheppard M, Kronheim S, Pimstone B. Stimulation by growth hormone of somatostatin release from the rat hypothalamus in vitro. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1978; 9: 583 - 91.
Berelowitz M, Kiyoshi M, Harris S, Frohman L. The effect of alterations in the pituitary-thyroid axis on hypothalamic content and in vitro release of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity. Endocrinology 1980; 107: 24 - 9.
Iversen L, Iversen S, Bloom F, Douglas C, Brown M, Vale W. Calcium dependent release of somatostatin and neurotensin from rat brain in vitro. Nature 1978; 273: 161 - 3.
Berelowitz M, Kronheim S, Pimstone B, Sheppard M. Potassium stimulated calcium dependent release of immunoreactive somatostatin from incubated rat hypothalamus. J Neurochem 1978; 31: 1537 - 9.
Richardson S, Twente S. Inhibition of rat hypothalamic somatostatin release by somatostatin: evidence for somatostatin ultrashort feedback loop. Endocrinology 1986; 118: 2076 - 82.
Robbins R, Sutton R, Reichlin S. Sodium and calcium dependent somatostatin release from dissociated cerebral cortical cells in culture. Endocrinology 1982; 110: 496 - 501.
Berelowitz M, Dudlak D, Frohman L. Release of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity from incubated rat hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. J Clin Invest 1982; 69: 1293 - 1301.
Lengyel M, Kruseman A, Grossman A, Rees L, Besser M. Glucose-induced changes in somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 released from hypothalamic fragments in vitro. Life Sci 1984; 35: 713 - 9.
Bakhit C, Koda L, Benoit R, Morrison J, Bloom F. Evidence for selective release of somatostatin-14 and -28(1-12) from rat hypothalamus. J Neurosci 1984; 4: 411 - 9.
Aguila M, McCann S. Stimulation of somatostatin release from median eminence tissue incubated in vitro by taurine and related amino acids. Endocrinology 1985; 116: 1158 - 62.
Pimstone B, Sheppard M, Shapiro B, et al. Localization in and release of somatostatin from brain and gut. Fed Proc 1979; 38: 2330 - 2.
Berelowitz M, Szabo M, Frohman L, Firestone S, Chu L. Somatomedin-C mediates growth hormone negative feedback by effects on both the hypothalamus and the pituitary. Science 1981; 212: 1279 - 81.
Richardson S, Twente S. Mouse hypothalamic somatostatin release: roles of calcium and calmodulin. Endocrinology 1985; 117: 369 - 75.
Montminy M, Lowe M, Tapia-Arancibia L, Reichlin S, Mandel G, Goodman R. Cyclic AMP regulates somatostatin mRNA accumulation in primary diencephalic cultures and in transfected fibroblast cells. J Neurosci 1986; 6: 1171 - 6.
Capdevila J, Chacos N, Falck J, Manna S, Negro-Vilar A, Ojeda S. Novel hypothalamic arachidonate products stimulate somatostatin release from the median eminence. Endocrinology 1983; 113: 421 - 3.
Peterfreund R, Vale W. Phorbol diesters stimulate somatostatin secretion from cultured brain cells. Endocrinology 1983; 113: 200 - 8.
Charpenet G, Patel Y. Characterization of tissue and releasable molecular forms of somatostatin-28(1-12)-like immunoreactivity in rat median eminence. Endocrinology 1985; 116: 1863 - 8.
Abe H, Kato T, Chiba T, Taminato T, Fujita T. Plasma immunoreactive somatostatin levels in rat hypophyseal portal blood: effects of glucagon administration. Life Sci 1978; 23: 1647 - 54.
Katakami H, Kato Y, Matsushita N, Shimatsu A, Imura H. Involvement of hypothalamic somatostatin in glucagon-induced suppression of GH secretion in conscious rats. Peptides 1983; 4: 849 - 55.
Tapia-Arancibia L, Reichlin S. VIP and PHI stimulate somatostatin release from cerebrocortical and diencephalic cells in culture. Brain Res 1984; 336: 67 - 72.
Sheppard M, Kronheim S, Pimstone B. Effect of Substance P, neurotensin, and the enkephalins on somatostatin release from the rat hypothalamus in vitro. J Neurochem 1979; 32: 647 - 51.
Abe H, Chihara K, Chiba T, Masukura T, Fujita T. Effects of intra-ventricular injections of neurotensin and other various bioactive peptides on plasma immunoreactive somatostatin levels in rat hypophyseal portal blood. Endocrinology 1981; 109: 1939 - 43.
Katakami H, Arimura A, Frohman L. Hypothalamic somatostatin mediates the suppression of GH secretion by centrally administered TRH in conscious rats. Endocrinology 1985; 117: 1139 - 45.
Aguila M, McCann S. Stimulation of somatostatin release in vitro by synthetic human growth hormone releasing factor by a non-dopaminergic mechanism. Endocrinology 1985; 117: 762 - 5.
Katakami H, Arimura A, Frohman L. Growth hormone releasing factor stimulates hypothalamic somatostatin release: an inhibitory feedback effect on GR secretion. Endocrinology 1986; 118: 1872 - 7.
Rivier C, Vale W. Involvement of CRF and somatostatin in stress-induced inhibition of GH secretion in the rat. Endocrinology 1985; 117: 2478 - 82.
Peterfreund R, Vale W. Ovine CRF stimulates somatostatin secretion from cultured brain cells. Endocrinology 1982; 112: 1275 - 83.
Katakami H, Arimura A, Frohman L. Involvement of hypothalamic somatostatin in the suppression of GH secretion by central CRF in conscious male rats. Neuroendocrinology 1985; 41: 390 - 5.
Abe H, Chihara K, Minamitani N, et al. Stimulation by bombesin of immunoreactive somatostatin release into rat hypophyseal portal blood. Endocrinology 1981; 109: 229 - 34.
Moldow R, Hollander C. Opiate peptides modulate somatostatin release from dispersed hypothalamic cells. Peptides 1981; 2: 489 - 92.
Peterfreund R, Vale W. High molecular weight somatostatin secretion by cultured rat brain cells. Brain Res 1982; 239: 463 - 78.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Robbins, R. (1987). Regulation of Hypothalamic Somatostatin Secretion. In: Reichlin, S. (eds) Somatostatin. Serono Symposia, USA. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5326-3_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5326-3_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5328-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5326-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive