Abstract
The induction of T lymphocyte proliferation is thought to involve cell-cell interaction and molecular communications (1). The nature of the intercellular communication on a cell-cell contact basis is not understood; what evidence is available points to important molecular communications. It is generally accepted that T cells are triggered to proliferate by two signals (Fig. 1). The mitogen in the relative but not complete absence of accessory cells can induce T cells to enter a G1 phase of the cell cycle from a resting G0 or “restricted” G1 phase of the cell cycle. This first stage of activation is associated with cellular enlargement or blastogenesis and both protein and RNA synthesis. The lymphocyte does not enter DNA synthesis (S phase) unless a second signal is presented. This second process is thought to be initiated by mitogen interaction directly or indirectly with adherent accessory cells, (i.e., monocytes/macrophages) which results in the production of interleukin 1 (IL-1). The IL-1 thus acts on T lymphocytes to induce the production on interleukin 2 (IL-2), and the appearance of cell surface receptors for IL-2. Little is known of the metabolic events associated with IL-1 and IL-2 action. T cells triggered by mitogen to enter the cell cycle transit aG1-S boundary as a result of the second signal and complete the cycle. The subsequent divisions do not require re-exposure to the mitogen but do require the presence of IL-2. The majority of the studies to date have concentrated on early events following mitogen addition to peripheral blood lymphocytes with the assumptions that the events occur in T cells and are contributory to the replication process.
This chapter is a condensed version of “Early Biochemical Events in T Lymphocyte Activation by Mitogens” by J.W. Hadden and R.G. Coffey in Immunoparmacology I (J.W. Hadden and A. Szentivanyi, eds.), Pergamon Press, New York, 1986. The reader is referred to this chapter for full referencing.
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Hadden, J.W. (1987). Transmembrane Signals in the Activation of T Lymphocytes. In: Gupta, S., Paul, W.E., Fauci, A.S. (eds) Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 213. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5323-2_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5323-2_8
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