Skip to main content

Presynaptic Modulation of Cortical Acetylcholine Release: Influence of Age and Adenosine

  • Chapter
  • 166 Accesses

Abstract

Histochemical and neurochemical investigations demonstrate that the mammalian cerebral cortex contains a diffuse cholinergic network formed prevalently by nerve endings whose somata are located in the basal forebrain nuclei (Mesulam et al., 1983; Wainer et al., 1984). Minor contributions to the cortical cholinergic network are due to a direct projection from the large choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactive cells in the pontomesencephalon (Mesulam et al., 1983) and, in the rat, by interneurons scattered throughout all cellular layers in all cortices which contain approximately 30% of total ChAT (Levey et al., 1984; McGeer et al., 1984).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bartus, R.T., Dean, R.L., Beer, B. and Lippa, A.S., 1982, The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. Science, 217: 408.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beani, L., Bianchi, C., Giacomelli, A. and Tamberi, F., 1978, Noradrenaline inhibition of acetylcholine release from guinea-pig brain. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 48: 179.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corradetti, R., Kiedrowski, L., Nordstrtim, O. and Pepeu, G., 1984, Disappearance of low affinity adenosine binding sites in aging rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Neurosci. Lett., 49: 143.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daly, J.W., 1982, Adenosine receptors: targets for future drugs. J. Med. Chem., 25: 197.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, G.E. and Peterson, C., 1981, Aging decreases oxidative metabolism and the release and synthesis of acetylcholine. J. Neurochem., 37: 978.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hadhazy, P. and Szerb, J.C., 1976, The effect of cholinergic drugs on 3H-acetylcholine release from slices of rat hippocampus, striatum and cortex. Brain Res., 123: 311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levey, A.I., Wainer, B.H., Rye, D.B., Mufson, E.J. and Mesulam, M.M., 1984, Choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive neurons intrinsic to rodent cortex and distinction from acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons. Neuroscience, 13: 341.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mantovani, P. and Pepeu, G1981, Interactions between ionophores, Mg2+ and Ca2+ on acetylcholine formation and release in brain slices. Pharmacol. Res. Commun., 13: 175.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGeer, P.L., McGeer, E.G. and Peng, J.H., 1981, Choline acetyltransferase: purification and immuno istochemical localization. Life Sci., 34: 2319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meek, J.L., Berti1sson, L., Cheney, D.L., Zsilla, G. and Costa, E., 1977, Aging-induced changes in acetylcholine and serotonin content of discrete brain nuclei. J. Gerontol., 32: 129.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mesulam, M.M., Mufson, E.J., Wainer, B.H. and Levey, A.I., 1983, Central cholinergic pathway in the rat, an overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Chl - Ch6). Neurosci., 10: 1185.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedata, F., Antonelli, T., Lambertini, L., Beani, L. and Pepeu, G., 1983, Effect of adenosine, adenosine triphosphate, adenosine deaminase, dipyridamole and aminophy11ine on acetylcholine release from electrically-stimulated brain slices. Neuropharmacol., 22: 609.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedata, F., Slavikova, J., Kotas, A. and Pepeu, G., 1983, Acetylcholine release from rat cortical slices during postnatal development and aging. Neurobiol. Aging, 4: 31.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedata, F., Giovannelli, L., Giovannini, M.G. and Pepeu, G., 1985, Effect of phosphatidylserine on cortical acetylcholine (ACh) release in adult and senescent rats. Abstracts Meeting on: Phospholipids in the Nervous System: Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology. Mantova, p. 42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pepeu, G., 1973, The release of acetylcholine from the brain: an approach to the study of the central cholinergic mechanisms. Progr. Neurobiol., 2: 257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pepeu, G., 1983, Brain acetylcholine: an inventory of our knowledge on the 50th anniversary of its discovery. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 4: 416.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pepeu, G., Giovannelli, L., Giovannini, M.G. and Pedata, F., Effect of phosphatidylserine on cortical acetylcholine release and calcium uptake in adult and aging rats. in: “Phospholipids in the nervous system” L.A. Horrock, G. Toffano and L. Freyz ed., Fidia Research Series, Liviana Press, Padova, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, C. and Gibson, G.E., 1983, Aging and 3, 4-diaminopyridine alter synaptosomal calcium uptake. J. Biol. Chem., 258: 11482.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, K.A., Kuster, J.E., Dean, R.L., Bartus, R.T. and Friedman, E., 1981, Presynaptic cholinergic mechanisms in brain of aged rats with memory impairments. Neurobiol. Aging, 2: 99.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sims, N.R., Bowen, D.M. and Davison, A.N., 1981, 14C acetylcholine synthesis and 14C carbon dioxide production from U–14C glucose by tissue prisms from human neocortex. Biochem. J., 196: 867.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stone, T.W., 1981, Physiological roles for adenosine and adenosine 51-triphosphate in the nervous system. Neurosci., 6: 523.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szerb, J.C., 1967, Cortical acetylcholine release and electroencephalographic arousal. J. Physiol., 192: 329.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Virus, R.M., Baglajewski, T. and Radulovacki, M., 1983, Adenosine receptor binding in whole brains from young and old rats. Abstracts Soc. Neurosci., 9: 1202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vizi, E.S., 1979, Presynaptic modulation of neurochemical transmission. Progr. Neurobiol., 12: 181.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wainer, B.H., Levey, A.I., Mufson, E.J. and Mesulam, M.M., 1984, Cholinergic system in mammalian brain identified with antibodies against choline acetyl transferase. Neurochem. Int., 6: 163.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pedata, F., Giovannelli, L., Giovannini, M.G., Pepeu, G. (1987). Presynaptic Modulation of Cortical Acetylcholine Release: Influence of Age and Adenosine. In: Dun, N.J., Perlman, R.L. (eds) Neurobiology of Acetylcholine. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5266-2_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5266-2_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5268-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5266-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics