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Antimutagenesis and Anticarcinogenesis Mechanisms pp 87–101Cite as

Modifiers of Endogenous Nitrosamine Synthesis and Metabolism

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Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 39))

Abstract

N-Nitroso compounds (NOCs), a class of versatile carcinogens (1,13), are formed in nature, most likely since mankind first existed on earth, whenever nitrosating agents such as nitrite or nitrosating gases encounter nitrosatable amines. To date, more than 300 NOCs have been tested in animals, and about 90% of them produced tumors in 40 animal species, including primates. Humans are exposed to NOCs from exogenous and endogenous sources through nitrosation of ingested/inhaled amino precursors. Nitrite is produced by bacterial reduction of nitrate, normally in the mouth, and the nitrosation reaction generally proceeds through an acid-catalyzed reaction in the stomach. Any nitrosation reaction occurring in vivo is, however, affected by many factors, such as the pH, precursor concentration, and the presence of catalysts and inhibitors. These various factors, some of which are difficult to measure in vivo, have complicated the estimation of nitrosation reactions occurring in humans.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Environmental Carcinogenesis, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372, Lyon, France

    H. Bartsch, H. Ohshima, J. Nair, B. Pignatelli & S. Calmels

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  1. H. Bartsch
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  2. H. Ohshima
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  3. J. Nair
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  4. B. Pignatelli
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  5. S. Calmels
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA

    Delbert M. Shankel

  2. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Philip E. Hartman

  3. National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan

    Tsuneo Kada

  4. Council for Research Planning in Biological Sciences, Inc., Washington, D.C., USA

    Alexander Hollaender , Claire M. Wilson  & Gregory Kuny ,  & 

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© 1986 Plenum Press, New York

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Bartsch, H., Ohshima, H., Nair, J., Pignatelli, B., Calmels, S. (1986). Modifiers of Endogenous Nitrosamine Synthesis and Metabolism. In: Shankel, D.M., Hartman, P.E., Kada, T., Hollaender, A., Wilson, C.M., Kuny, G. (eds) Antimutagenesis and Anticarcinogenesis Mechanisms. Basic Life Sciences, vol 39. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5182-5_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5182-5_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5184-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5182-5

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