Skip to main content

Evidence for Sex Differences in GnRH Receptors and Mechanism of Action

  • Chapter
Neuroendocrine Molecular Biology

Part of the book series: Biochemical Endocrinology ((BIOEND))

Abstract

Over recent years, a number of hypotheses have been proposed for the biochemical mechanism of action of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH). Although adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) has been implicated as a second messenger in GnRH action (Borgeat et al, 1972), this has been refuted (Conn et al., 1979) and Cronin et al (1983) have shown that changes in Luteinizing Hormone (LH) secretion are not temporally coupled to changes in cAMP levels. An apparently direct effect of cAMP derivatives on GnRH receptors (Smith et al, 1982) may have contributed to some of these results.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, P.R. and Brown, D.A., 1980, Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor and muscarinic agonists act on the same voltage-sensitive K+ current in bullfrog sympathetic neurones, Br. J. Pharmac., 68: 353.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, P.R., Brown, D.A. and Constanti, A., 1982a, M-currents and other potassium currents in bullfrog sympathetic neurones. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 330: 537.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, P.R., Brown, D.A. and Constanti, A., 1982b, Pharmacological inhibition of the M-current, J. Physiol. (Lond.), 332: 223.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berridge, M.J. and Irvine, R.F., 1984, Inositol trisphosphate, a novel second messenger in cellular signal transduction, Nature, 312: 315.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borgeat, P., Chavancy, G., Dupont, A., Labrie, F., Arimura, A. and Schally, A.V., 1972, Stimulation of adenosine 3′5′-cyclic monophosphate accumulation in anterior pituitary gland by synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 69: 2677.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borges, J.L.C., Scott, D., Kaiser, D.L., Evans, W.S. and Thorner, M.O., 1983, Ca2+-dependence of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone — stimulated Luteinizing Hormone secretion: in vitro studies using continuously perifused dispersed rat anterior pituitary cells, Endocrinology, 113: 557.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bourne, G.A. and Baldwin, D.M., 1980, Extracellular Ca2+-independent and-dependent components of the biphasic release of LH in response to Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in vitro, Endocrinology, 107: 780.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Catt, K.J., Loumaye, E., Wynn, P., Suarez-Quian, C., Kiesel, L., Iwashita, M., Hirota, K., Morgan, R. and Chang, J., 1984, Receptor-mediated activation mechanisms in the hypothalamic control of pituitary-gonadal function, jn.: “Endocrinology”, F. Labrie, L. Proulx, eds., Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clayton, R.N., Shakespear, R.A., Duncan, J.A., Marshall, J.C., 1979, Radioiodinated non-degradable Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone analogs: new probes for the investigation of pituitary Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone receptors, Endocrinology, 105: 1369.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conn, P.M., Ganong, B.R., Ebeling, J., Staley, D., Neidel, J.E. and Bell, R.M., Diacylglycerols release LH: structure-activity relations reveal a role for protein kinase C., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 126: 532.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conn, P.M., Marian, J., McMillian, M. and Rogers, D., 1980, Evidence for calcium mediation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone action in the pituitary, Cell Calcium, 1: 7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conn, P.M., Marian, J., McMillian, M., Stern, J., Rogers, D., Hamby, M., Penna, A. and Grant, E., 1981, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone action in the pituitary: a three-step mechanism, Endocrine Rev., 2: 174.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conn, P.M., Morrell, D.V., Dufau, M.L. and Catt, K.J., 1979, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone action in cultured pituicytes: independence of Luteinizing Hormone release and adenosine 3′5′-monophosphate production, Endocrinology, 104: 448.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conn, P.M., Rogers, D.C. and Seay, S.C., 1983, Structure-function relationship of calcium ion channel antagonists at the pituitary gonadotrope, Endocrinology, 113: 1592

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cronin, M.J., Evans, W.S., Hewlett, E.L. Rogol, A.D. and Thorner, M.O., 1983, Luteinizing Hormone secretion is enhanced by pertussis toxin, cholera toxin and forskolin, Neuroendocrinoiogy, 37: 161.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, W.W., Taraskevich, P.S. and Tomiko, S.A., 1983, Secretagogue effect of barium on output of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone from pars intermedia of the mouse pituitary, J. Physiol., 338: 243.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eiden, L.E., Loumaye, E., Sherwood, N. and Eskay, R.L., 1982, Two chemically and immunologically distinct forms of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone are differentially expressed in frog neural tissues, Peptides, 3: 323.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hagiwara, S. and Byerly, L., 1981, Calcium channel, Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 4: 69.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, C.E., Staley, D. and Conn, P.M., 1985, Diacylglycerols and protein kinase C: potential amplifying mechanism for Ca2+-mediated Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-stimulated Luteinizing Hormone release, Mol. Pharmacol., 27: 532.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hazum, E., 1981, Some characteristics of GnRH receptors in rat pituitary membranes: differences between an agonist and an antagonist, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 23: 275.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins, C.R. and Walker, A.M., 1978, Calcium as a second messenger in the stimulation of Luteinizing Hormone secretion, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 12: 189.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jan, Y.N., Jan, L.J. and Kuffler, S.W., 1980, Further evidence for peptidergic transmission in sympathetic ganglia, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77: 5008

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katayama, Y. and Nishi, S., 1982, Voltage-clamp analysis of peptidergic slow depolarisations in bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells, J. Physiol. (Lond.), 333: 305

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marian, J. and Conn, P.M., 1979, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone stimulation of pituitary cells requires calcium, Mol. Pharmacol., 16: 196.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marian, J. and Conn, P.M., 1980, The calcium requirement in GnRH-stimulated LH release is not mediated through a specific action on receptor binding, Life Sci., 27: 87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mason, W.T. and Waring, D.W., 1985, Electrophysiological recordings from gonadotrophes, Neuroendocrinoiogy, 41: 258.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mestre, M., Carriot, T., Uzanm A., Renault, C., Dubroeucq, M.C., Gueremy, C., Doble, A. and LeFur, G., 1984, Electrophysiological and pharmacological evidence that peripheral type benzodiazepine receptors are coupled to calcium channels in the heart, Life Sci., 36: 391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, R. and Anderson, R.A., 1985, Selective secretagogue action of Ba2+ ions at lactotrophes but not gonadotrophes, Biochem. Soc. Trans., 13: 1186.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moriarty, C.M., 1978, Role of calcium in the regulation of adenohypophysial hormone release, Life Sci., 23: 185.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naor, Z., Leifer, A.M. and Catt, K.J., 1980, Calcium-dependent actions of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone on pituitary guanosine 3′5′-monophosphate production and gonadotropin release, Endocrinology, 107: 1438.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naor, Z., Molcha, J., Zilberstein, M. and Sakut, H., 1984, Phospholipid turnover in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone target cells: comparative studies, in: “Hormonal Control of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis”, McKernes, K.W., Naor, Z., eds., Plenum, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilius, B., Hess, P., Lansman, J.B. and Tsien, R.W., 1985, A novel type of cardiac calcium channel in ventricular cells, Nature, 316: 443.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishizuka, Y., 1984, The role of protein kinase C in cell surface signal transduction and tumour promotion, Nature, 308: 693

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pickering, A.J-M.C. and Fink, G., 1979, Priming effect of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor in vitro: role of protein synthesis, contractile elements, Ca2+ and cyclic AMP, J. Endocr., 81: 223.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sandow, J. and Konig, W., 1979, Studies with fragments of a highly active analogue of Luteinising Hormone Releasing Hormone, J. Endocrinol., 81: 175.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.A., Perrin, M.H. and Vale, W.W., 1982, Interaction of adenosine 3′5′-monophosphate derivatives with the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone receptor on pituitary and ovary, Endocrinology, 111: 1951.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.A. and Vale, W.W., 1980, Superfusion of rat anterior pituitary cells attached to Cytodex beads: validation of a technique, Endocrinology, 107: 1425.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, G.D. and Bleasdale, J.E., 1982, Effect of LHRH on incorporation of [32P]-orthophosphate into phosphatidyl inositol by dispersed anterior pituitary cells, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 28: 55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, G.D., Capdevila, J., Chacos, N., Manna, S. and Falck, J.R., 1983, Action of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone: Involvement of novel arachidonic acid metabolites, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 80: 3504.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Streb, H., Irvine, R.F., Berridge, M.J. and Schulz, I., 1984, Release of Ca2+ from a non-mitochondrial intracellular store in pancreatic acinar cells by inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate, Nature, 306: 67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, S.H., 1977, Three pharmacologically distinct potassium channels in molluscan neurones, J. Physiol., 265: 465.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, J.A., 1976, Stimulation of 45Ca2+ efflux from rat pituitary by LHRH and other pituitary stimulators, J. Physiol., 260: 105.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mitchell, R., Ogier, SA., Johnson, M., Cleland, A., Bennie, J., Fink, G. (1986). Evidence for Sex Differences in GnRH Receptors and Mechanism of Action. In: Fink, G., Harmar, A.J., McKerns, K.W. (eds) Neuroendocrine Molecular Biology. Biochemical Endocrinology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5131-3_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5131-3_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5133-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5131-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics