Abstract
There are important bidirectional relationships between the immune and endocrine systems (Talal, 1978). Our laboratory became interested in these relationships through investigations seeking an explanation for the marked female predominance of autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The female to male ratio in SLE is 15:1 during the childbearing ages and decreases to 2:1 after menopause (Talal, 1979). Furthermore, in Klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY) in which genetic males develop gynecomastia and sparse body hair, there is an increased incidence of autoimmune disorders such as SLE and myasthenia gravis (Michalski et al., 1978). These clinical observations led us to speculate that sex hormones might play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease.
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© 1983 Plenum Press, New York
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Talal, N. (1983). Immunoendocrinology : Endocrine Aspects of Autoimmune Disease. In: Fabris, N., Garaci, E., Hadden, J., Mitchison, N.A. (eds) Immunoregulation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4547-3_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4547-3_17
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