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Ti-Plasmids: Genetic Engineering of Plants

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Plant Cell Culture in Crop Improvement

Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 22))

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Abstract

Crown gall is a neoplastic disease of most dicotyledonous plants and is caused by the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A large extra-chromosomal plasmid in these bacteria was found to be responsible for its tumor-inducing capacity and was, therefore, called Ti-plasmid (1). Bacteria-free crown gall cells can be cultured in the absence of phytohormones and this hormone-independent growth defines tumor cells in plants (2). Sterile tumor tissues have been shown to contain a DNA segment (called T-DNA) which is homologous and colinear with a defined fragment of the Ti-plasmid, and it is covalently linked to plant DNA (3–9). The T-DNA has been localized in the nucleus (10, 11) and is directly responsible for the hormone-independent growth of the tumor cells. It is also responsible for the synthesis of low molecular weight compounds, called opines, which are not found in normal plant tissue. The opine produced defines crown galls as octopine, nopaline or agropine type tumors (12). Opines can be utilized by A. tumefaciens selectively as sources for carbon, nitrogen and energy, and, thus, the interaction between these bacteria and plants can be seen as a special parasitic relationship which benefits the bacteria (4).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, D-5000, Köln 30, Federal Republic of Germany

    J. Schröder, L. Otten, G. Schröder, L. Willmitzer & J. Schell

  2. Laboratorium Genetisch Virologie, Vrije Universiteit, Brussels, Belgium

    H. De Greve, J.-P. Hernalsteens, J. Leemans & M. Van Montagu

  3. Laboratorium voor Genetika, Rijksuniversiteit Gent, Belgium

    M. Van Montagu & J. Schell

Authors
  1. J. Schröder
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  2. H. De Greve
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  3. J.-P. Hernalsteens
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  4. J. Leemans
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  5. M. Van Montagu
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  6. L. Otten
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  7. G. Schröder
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  8. L. Willmitzer
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  9. J. Schell
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bose Institute, Calcutta, India

    S. K. Sen

  2. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

    Kenneth L. Giles

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© 1983 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Schröder, J. et al. (1983). Ti-Plasmids: Genetic Engineering of Plants. In: Sen, S.K., Giles, K.L. (eds) Plant Cell Culture in Crop Improvement. Basic Life Sciences, vol 22. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4379-0_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4379-0_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-4381-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-4379-0

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