Abstract
Four sets of factors determine the overall nature of the cycling of elemental carbon through the atmosphere and thereby determine the concentration fields, and fluxes in and out of the atmosphere. The source factor controls mass emission rates, initial microphysical properties such as size distribution, initial chemical composition, and location of injection into the atmosphere. Aerosol mechanics determine the rate of coagulation of the elemental carbon particles with themselves and with other aerosol particles, the rate of diffusive removal to surface sinks, and sedimentation.Chemical factors, largely the physical and chemical properties of impure graphitic carbon, subsequently govern the refractive indices along with the chemical interaction of the particles with other gas and aerosol constituents and with liquid water. Finally, meteorological factors include mixing in the planetary boundary layer, advection, incorporation into clouds and/or into cloud droplets, chemical processes inside of cloud drops, cloud evaporation and removal by precipitation. These factors may be linked together in a system flow diagram to explain the observed presence and behavior of carbon particles in air.
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© 1982 Plenum Press, New York
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Charlson, R.J., Ogren, J.A. (1982). The Atmospheric Cycle of Elemental Carbon. In: Wolff, G.T., Klimisch, R.L. (eds) Particulate Carbon. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4154-3_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4154-3_1
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