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Behavioral Medicine pp 407–433Cite as

Movement Disorders

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Abstract

Movement disorders refer to a class of behaviors involving the neuromuscular system and consisting of involuntary muscular movements. Such movements can involve specific muscular units, as is the case with blepharospasm (involuntary eye blinks), groups of muscles (e.g., spasmodic torticollis), or multiple muscular units and groups (e.g., Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome). The etiology of such conditions has long been the center of much controversy. This controversy has been primarily concerned with neurological versus psychological causation. Actually, the term movement disorder is relatively new with respect to widespread usage and incorporates disorders that do in fact have a physical basis (e.g., multiple sclerosis) as well as disorders caused by the use of drugs in the treatment of psychotic disturbances (e.g., tardive dyskinesia). With the emergence of biological psychiatry in the past few years (Guze, 1977) and the renewed interest in the relationship of brain chemistry to mental function, there has been increasing research and theoretical speculation on neurological involvement in what heretofore had been primarily considered psychogenic conditions. It is not our purpose here to review biological theories of movement disorders or to argue for a specific interpretation of etiology. Such theorizing at this point would appear to be premature inasmuch as some disorders seem to have biological causes in some instances and psychological causes in others. Moreover, it seems feasible to us that such disorders are the result of both biological and psychological factors combined. As stated previously, there are some strictly medical conditions (e.g., Parkinson’s disease) that also have significant psychological ramifications.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA

    Samuel M. Turner

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA

    Randall L. Morrison

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  1. Samuel M. Turner
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  2. Randall L. Morrison
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Behavioral Medicine Services, Brookwood Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Daniel M. Doleys Ph. D. (Program Director) (Program Director)

  2. Vaughan Clinic, Brookwood Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Ronald L. Meredith Psy. D.

  3. Veterans Administration Medical Center, Behavioral Medicine Institute, Miami, Florida, USA

    Anthony R. Ciminero Ph. D.

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© 1982 Plenum Press, New York

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Turner, S.M., Morrison, R.L. (1982). Movement Disorders. In: Doleys, D.M., Meredith, R.L., Ciminero, A.R. (eds) Behavioral Medicine. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4070-6_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4070-6_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-4072-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-4070-6

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