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Gabaergic Synapses: Distribution and Interaction with Other Neurotransmitter Systems in the Brain

  • Chapter
Regulatory Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission

Abstract

Over the last years, a number of neuronal systems using a different kind of neurotransmitter have been identified in the brain. The GABA and dopamine (DA) neuronal systems, due to their biological peculiarities, have attracted a considerable attention (for references see 34,53,64). The DA systems are, from an anatomical point of view, very well defined. Several ascending DA-pathways originating in the ventral mid-brain tegmentum (areas A9 and A10 according to Dahlström and Fuxe (10) give rise to fibers which innervate the neostriatum (nigro-neostriatal DA pathway), subcortical limbic regions such as nucleus accumbens and tuberculum olfactorium, cortical limbic regions (mesolimbic DA pathways), and the frontal cortex (mesocortical DA pathway). In addition, intrahypothalamic DA pathways such as the tubero-infundibular pathway, which originates in the nuc. Arcuatus and the ventral part of the periventricular hypothalamic nucleus and innervates the external layer of the median eminence, have been described (3,18,21,63). From a functional point of view, the nigroneostriatal and the meso-accumbens DA pathway seem to be important for sensorimotor integration; the tubero-infundibular pathway participates in neuroendocrine regulation, while most of the mesolimbic DA systems and the mesofrontal DA pathway may instead have a role in the control of higher brain functions (for references see 34,64). The GABA system, consisting of both Golgi I and Golgi II type neurons, includes neuronal pathways which innervate all the regions of the brain (61). This is the major inhibitory system and might participate in the regulation of nearly all the functions of the central nervous system (CNS), directly and/or through its synaptic influence on other neurotransmitter systems (for references see 53).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigaciones en Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México 20, D.F., Mexico

    M. Pérez de la Mora, L. Possani & R. Tapia

  2. Department of Histology, Karolinska Institute, S-104 01, Stockholm, Sweden

    K. Fuxe, T. Hökfelt & K. Andersson

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  1. M. Pérez de la Mora
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  2. K. Fuxe
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  3. T. Hökfelt
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  4. K. Andersson
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  5. L. Possani
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  6. R. Tapia
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  1. Department of Neurosciences, Center for Research in Cellular Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    Ricardo Tapia

  2. Department of Psychobiology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA

    Carl W. Cotman

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de la Mora, M.P., Fuxe, K., Hökfelt, T., Andersson, K., Possani, L., Tapia, R. (1981). Gabaergic Synapses: Distribution and Interaction with Other Neurotransmitter Systems in the Brain. In: Tapia, R., Cotman, C.W. (eds) Regulatory Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3968-7_5

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