Abstract
Recent reports on the use of lead precipitating procedures for localizing intracellular phosphatases and criticism of these procedures (see (1) and (2) for the most recent interchange of views) have left undiminished the value of using the following phosphatases as cytochemical “markers” for light and electron microscopy (3, 4): plasma membrane — nucleoside phosphatases (e.g., Mn++ — and Mg++-stimulated “ATPase”, 5’-nucleotidase, Co++-stimulated CMPase, etc.); endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of liver, kidney, endocrine-secreting cells, etc. -- a nucleoside diphosphatase (NDPase) that hydrolyzes IDP, UDP, GDP (also TPP) but not CDP or ADP (5, 6); Golgi apparatus -- NDPase, thiamine pyrophosphatase (TTPase) (see 6)); Golgi-endoplasmic reticulumlysosome (GERL) -- acid phosphatase; and lysosomes -- acid phosphatase. Optimal oxidation at high pH and relatively high H2O2 concentration of diaminobenzidine may be used to “mark” peroxisomes because of their high catalase content (7, 8). Mitochondria oxidize diaminobenzidine optimally at low pH and low H2O2 concentration (7).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Rosenthal, A.S., Moses, H.L. and Ganote, C.E., Interpretation of Phosphatase Cytochemical Data. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 18: 915, 1970.
Novikoff, A.B., Their Phosphatase Controversy: Love’s Labour’s Lost. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 18: 916–917, 1970.
Novikoff, A.B., Membrane-Bound Enzymes. Abstracts, Sixth Intl. Congress of Biochemistry, New York, VIII-S4, p. 609, 1964.
Novikoff, A.B., Essner, E., Goldfischer, S. and Heus, M., Nucleosidephosphatase Activities of Cytomembranes. Symp. Intl. Soc. Cell Biol., 1:149–192, 1962. [The Interpretation of Ultrastructure (R.J.C. Harris, ed.), Academic Press, N.Y.]
Novikoff, A.B. and Heus, M., A Microsomal Nucleoside Diphosphatase. J. Biol. Chem., 238: 710–716, 1963.
Yamazaki, M. and Hayaishi, O., Allosteric Properties of Nucleoside Diphosphatase and its Identity with Thiamine Pyrophosphatase. J. Biol. Chem., 243: 2934, 1968.
Novikoff, A.B. and Goldfischer, S., Visualization of Peroxisomes (Microbodies) and Mitochondria with Diaminobenzidine. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 17: 675–680, 1969.
Beard, M.E. and Novikoff, A.B., Distribution of Peroxisomes (Microbodies) in the Nephron of the Rat. J. Cell Biol., 42: 501–518, 1969.
Novikoff, P.M., Novikoff, A.B., Quintana, N. and Hauw, J.-J., Golgi Apparatus, GERL and Lysosomes of Neurons in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia Studied by Thick Section and Thin Section Cytochemistry. J. Cell Biol. (in press)
Rambourg, A., L’appareil de Golgi examen en microscopie électronique de coupe épaisses (0.5–1 p) colorées par le mélange chlorhydrique-phosphotungstique. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, D 269: 2125, 1969.
Friend, D.S. and Murray, M., Osmium Impregnation of the Golgi Apparatus. Am. J. Anat., 117: 135, 1965.
Fleischer, D., Fleischer, S. and Ozawa, H., Isolation and Characterization of Golgi Membranes from Bovine Liver. J. Cell Biol., 43: 59, 1969.
Novikoff, A.B., Novikoff, P.M., Quintana, N. and Davis, C. (in preparation)
Novikoff, A.B., Enzyme Localization and Ultrastructure of Neurons. In: “The Neuron” ed. by H. Hyden, pp. 255–318, 1967, Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam.
Novikoff, A.B., Albala, A. and Biempica, L., Ultra-structural and Cytochemical Observations on B-16 and Harding-Passey Mouse Melanomas: The Origin of Premelanosomes and Compound Melanosomes. J. Hlstochem. Cytochem., 16: 299–319, 1968.
Golgi, C., Sur la Structure des Cellules Nerveuses des Ganglions Spinaux. Arch. Italiennes Biol., 30: 278–286, 1898.
Golgi, C., De Nouveau sur la Structure des Cellules Nerveuses des Ganglions Spinaux. Arch Italiennes Biol., 31: 273–280, 1899.
Novikoff, A.B. and Goldfischer, S., Nucleosidediphosphatase Activity in the Golgi Apparatus and Its Usefulness for Cytological Studies. Proceed. Natl. Acad. Sci., 47: 802–810, 1961.
Racker, E., Burstein, C., Loyter, A. and Christiansen, R.O., The Sidedness of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane. In: “Electron Transport and Energy Conservation” ed. by J.M. Tager, S. Papa, E. Quagliariello and E.C. Slater, pp. 235–252,1971, Adriatica Editrice, Bari, Italy.
Schachter, H., Jabbal, I., Hudgin, R.L., Pinteric, L., McGuire, E.J. and Roseman, S., Intracellular Localization of Liver Sugar Nucleotide Glycoprotein Glycosyltransferases in a Golgi-rich Fraction. J. Biol. Chem., 245: 1090–1100, 1970.
Novikoff, A.B., Discussion (following paper by D.W. Fawcett). Circulation. 26:1126–1129, 1962. ( Symp. on the Plasma Membrane, N.Y. Heart Association).
Essner, E. and Novikoff, A.B., Cytological Studies on Two Functional Hepatomas: Interrelations of Endo-plasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, and Lysosomes. J. Cell Biol., 15: 289–312, 1962.
Marchesi, V.T. and Palade, G.E., The Localization of MgNa-K-Activated Adenosine Triphosphatase on Red Cell Ghost Membranes. J. Cell Biol., 35: 385–404, 1967.
Novikoff, A.B. and Goldfischer, S., Visualization of Peroxisomes (Microbodies) and Mitochondria with Diaminobenzidine. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 17: 675–680, 1969.
Beard, M.E. and Novikoff, A.B., Distribution of Peroxisomes (Microbodies) in the Nephron of the Rat. J. Cell Biol., 42: 501–518, 1969.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1971 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Novikoff, A.B., Novikoff, P.M. (1971). Cytochemical Staining Reactions for Enzymes in Cytoplasmic Organelles. In: Manson, L.A. (eds) Biomembranes. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3330-2_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3330-2_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3332-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3330-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive