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Selective Vulnerability of the Central Nervous System to Hyperbaric Oxygen

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Oxygen Transport to Tissue

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 37 A))

Abstract

The adverse effects of hyperoxia on the central nervous system (CNS) have been well known since the 19th century writing of Paul Bert. Acute CNS oxygen toxicity is manisfested by grand mal convulsions and may result in death following status epilepticus. Bean and Seigfried2 reported a delayed or chronic type of oxygen poisoning in rats subjected to repeated brief intermittent exposures to hyperbaric oxygen (HO), which resulted in permanent limb paralysis. The paralyses observed in this type of oxygen toxicity usually affect the forelimbs bilaterally with the animals assuming a kangaroolike posture. Rigidity of the paralyzed limbs is common. Animals capable of locomotion are ataxic. A few rats become quadriplegic.

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References

  1. Bert, P. La Pression Barometrique G. Masson, Paris, 1878.

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  2. Bean, J.W. and Siegfried, E.C. Transient and permanent after–effects of exposure to oxygen at high pressure. Am. J. Physiol. 143: 656–665, 1945.

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  3. Balentine, J.D. and Gutsche, B.B. Central nervous system lesions in rats exposed to oxygen at high pressure. Am. J. Path. 48: 107–127, 1966.

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  4. Levine, S. Anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in rats. Amer. J. Path. 36: 1–17, 1960.

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  5. Balentine, J.D. CNS cytopathologic effects of hyperbaric oxygenation. J. Neuropath. and Exp. Neurol. 32: 176, 1973 (abstract).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, S.C., 29401, USA

    J. Douglas Balentine M.D.

Authors
  1. J. Douglas Balentine M.D.
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Arkansas Medical Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

    Haim I. Bicher MD, PhD (Associate Professor of Pharmacology) (Associate Professor of Pharmacology)

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA

    Duane F. Bruley PhD (Professor of Chemical Engineering) (Professor of Chemical Engineering)

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© 1973 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Balentine, J.D. (1973). Selective Vulnerability of the Central Nervous System to Hyperbaric Oxygen. In: Bicher, H.I., Bruley, D.F. (eds) Oxygen Transport to Tissue. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 37 A. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3288-6_36

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3288-6_36

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3290-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3288-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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