Abstract
Fractography by scanning and transmission electron microscopy was used to study the fracture in transition metal carbides (TiC and WC) and composites: TiC-Co, TiC-Ni, TiC-NiCr and WC-Co. The fracture of the carbide crystals is always brittle with river patterns and Wallner lines. When the carbide crystals of the composites are small, the fracture is intergranular and dimples are observed in the matrix. The principal factor of the micrographie feature is the diameter of the carbide crystals.
The morphology of the fracture path was investigated statistically using punctual analysis and a modification of the Johnson- Saltykov method. The results obtained on polished and fractured surfaces were compared by quantitative metallography. This investigation confirms that the WC-Co fracture by three-point bending is essentially intergranular and that this intergranular fracture path is random.
Three-point bending tests were used in the investigation of the effective surface energy of crack initiation, ϒi, and of the stress intensity factor, KI, for WC-Co composites. It was first determined that the usual methods for such brittle materials are in agreement for WC-Co, and permit the determination of the value of the critical stress intensity factor. Further, the variations of Yi and KIC were studied as a function of the mean particle size diameter of carbide crystals and of the different cobalt volumic ratio. The variations evolve regularly and can be explained by a statistical analysis of the fractured paths in SEM and ТЕМ.
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Chermant, J.L., Deschanvres, A., Iost, A. (1974). Fracture Mechanics, Statistical Analysis and Fractography of Carbides and Metal Carbides Composites. In: Bradt, R.C., Hasselman, D.P.H., Lange, F.F. (eds) Concepts, Flaws, and Fractography. Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics, vol 1. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2991-6_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2991-6_18
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