Abstract
The conventional energy-level calculations of atomic spectra have usually been carried out only to first order perturbation theory. In this approximation, energy matrices including (only) the electrostatic interaction \(\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{G = \sum } \\{i > j}\end{array}\quad\frac{{{e^2}}}{{{r_{ij}}}}\) and the spin-orbit interaction\(F = \begin{array}{*{20}{c}}\sum \\i\end{array}{\zeta _i}\;({\ell _i}\cdot {s_i})\) within a single configuration, or a very small number of adjacent configurations, were constructed and diagonalized. This led to a rather poor agreement between calculated and observed energy levels, even when all the radial integrals Fk(naℓa,nbℓb), Gk(naℓa,nbℓb), Rk(naℓanbℓb,ncℓcndℓd) and ζnℓ were considered as adjustable parameters.
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Goldschmidt, Z.B. (1973). Recent Advances in the Interpretation of Complex Atomic Spectra. In: Smith, S.J., Walters, G.K. (eds) Atomic Physics 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2961-9_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2961-9_14
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