Abstract
The efficacy of the conventional modalities of cancer treatment—surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy—has been reasonably well defined. There is also sufficient experience to permit one to predict the nature of future improvements in efficacy for these conventional modalities. For surgery, it is likely that the limit of efficacy has been reached, and while surgery can effectively cure a proportion of patients with apparent local disease, it is clear that disseminated, microscopic tumor deposits are present in at least half the operable cases at the time of surgery, ultimately eventuating in metastatic disease. A limited but important additional role for surgery will be the debulking of metastatic disease in an attempt to reduce the tumor burden and thus to improve the efficacy of subsequent systemic treatment with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and other possible approaches.
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References
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© 1977 Plenum Press, New York
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Hersh, E.M., Mavligit, G.M., Gutterman, J.U., Richman, S.P. (1977). Immunotherapy of Human Cancer. In: Becker, F.F. (eds) Radiotherapy, Surgery, and Immunotherapy. Cancer, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2739-4_11
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