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Glycosyltransferases and Glycoprotein Biosynthesis

  • Chapter
The Enzymes of Bioligical Membranes

Abstract

Since the discovery that sialic acid was the receptor site for influenza virus on the red blood cell (Gottschalk, 1960), recognition of the biological importance of glycoproteins and glycolipids has been increasing. Oligosaccharide moieties of these complex carbohydrates function as the primary antigenic determinants of blood-group substances, and may be involved in such diverse biological phenomena as contact inhibition and cell-cell adhesion of cultured cells, gamete recognition, transplant rejection, and recognition of specific receptor sites for hormones, viruses, and agglutinins. In addition, a large and increasing number of pathological conditions have been shown to be related to complex carbohydrates, including the glycosphingolipid storage diseases (see Chapter 11), cholera (Holmgren et al., 1973), herpes (Nahmias and Roizman, 1973), neoplasia (Burger and Martin, 1972), diabetes (Spiro and Spiro, 1971) hepatic cirrhosis (Marshall et al., 1974), and hemostasis (Barber and Jamieson, 1971). A better understanding of the chemistry and the mechanisms of biosynthesis of these complex molecules may provide information leading to the control of these diseases.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA

    Neil Jentoft & Pi-Wan Cheng

  2. Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, 47901, USA

    Don M. Carlson

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, USA

    Anthony Martonosi

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Jentoft, N., Cheng, PW., Carlson, D.M. (1976). Glycosyltransferases and Glycoprotein Biosynthesis. In: Martonosi, A. (eds) The Enzymes of Bioligical Membranes. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2655-7_9

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