Ocean Based Solar-To-Hydrogen Energy Conversion Macro System

Abstract

This paper* is an attempt at an initial conceptualization of an ocean based solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion facility. It is proposed to use hydrogen as an energy carrier to be delivered to the spectrum of energy-using sectors, instead of electricity, because of hydrogen’s advantages of transportability and storability. These make hydrogen and solar energy natural adjuncts.

It is further proposed that the solar-to-hydrogen conversion process be conducted on the open ocean, and not in the traditional desert location. The advantages, we suggest, far outweigh the drawbacks. In addition to well-established marine engineering know-how, we foresee the need for a new class of large ocean stable platforms upon which to base the industrial complex.

It is not yet apparent to us what specific solar energy conversion mode, or combination of modes, should be selected among the several direct and indirect techniques available. Economics and available technology will control this choice as illuminated by further study.

In addition to the exportation of hydrogen-energy, in the form of cryogenic liquid hydrogen and oxygen transported in tankers, it is highly likely that a number of coproducts can also be profitably supplied by the ocean complex were it appropriately outfitted. Among the possibilities are: seafoods via open ocean mariculture, minerals and chemicals such as salt and fertilizers, and certain finished materials (especially those which are energy-intensive) such as magnesium and aluminum.

Escher Technology Associates Publication PT-33, by the same title, dated November 1972, was abridged very considerably for this paper.