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Progress in Ferrous-Alloy Design

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Fundamental Aspects of Structural Alloy Design

Part of the book series: Battelle Institute Materials Science Colloquia ((BIMSC,volume 31))

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Abstract

Attempts to develop alloys with thermally stable intermetallic compounds, rather than alloy carbides, as the strengthening dispersoid in ferritic steels have failed, largely because of the embrittlement resulting from precipitation of the intermetallic compound in grain boundaries during heat treatment. Recent work has shown that this problem can be overcome by the appropriate use of the α-to-γ phase transformation in iron-base alloys strengthened by the Laves phase, TaFe2. The new alloys have creep strengths at 650 C that are superior to most of the commercially available ferritic steels and are comparable in creep strength to the 300-grade austenitic steels.

Promising combinations of strength, ductility, toughness, ductile-to-brittle transition temperatures, and work-hardening rates can be obtained in nickel-free alloys of iron and manganese, when the manganese content is in the range 16 to 20 percent. Several complex ternary and quaternary alloys were also investigated and some of the room- and cryogenic-temperature properties of these steels were found to be comparable and, in some instances, superior to those of existing commercial steels.

The deleterious or beneficial effects of chemical and structural features on the strength and toughness of ultrahigh-strength steels was demonstrated by appropriate control of composition and microstructure. In early work, the microstructural control was obtained by varying the austenitizing temperature. Extremely high (1100 C to 1200 C) austenitizing temperatures were shown to confer combinations of strength and fracture toughness (Kic) that were far superior to those obtained by conventional heat treatment. In later work, similar properties were obtained by changes in composition and the use of more practical heat treatments.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA

    V. F. Zackay & E. R. Parker

Authors
  1. V. F. Zackay
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  2. E. R. Parker
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fossil Fuel and Advanced Systems Division, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, USA

    Robert I. Jaffee

  2. Materials Science Department, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Benjamin A. Wilcox

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© 1977 Plenum Press, New York

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Zackay, V.F., Parker, E.R. (1977). Progress in Ferrous-Alloy Design. In: Jaffee, R.I., Wilcox, B.A. (eds) Fundamental Aspects of Structural Alloy Design. Battelle Institute Materials Science Colloquia, vol 31. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2421-8_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2421-8_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-2423-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-2421-8

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