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The Anterior Lobe of the Hypophysis

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Perinatal Physiology

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Abstract

Cells in the anlage of the anterior lobe of the pituitary differentiate very early in the human fetus. Basophilic cells can be identified by about the 8th week of gestation, and the acidophils are found 1–2 weeks later.(45) The fine structure of the fetal pituitary at about the 12th week is consistent with a gland that is producing and secreting hormone, and by the 18th week, the anterior lobe of the pituitary resembles the adult organ.(45) The human pituitary gland increases its weight 4-fold between the 10th and 24th weeks of gestation.(97) The anterior lobe of the pituitary in perinatal life contains five or more distinct cells,(142) which secrete at least six independent hormones. The development of more elaborate techniques of histochemistry, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy has permitted further validation of the concept that each major hormone of the pituitary is produced by a distinct cell type, the “one cell, one hormone theory.”(133)

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  1. Department of Pediatrics, Coney Island Hospital, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, 11235, USA

    José Cara

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  1. Mailman Center for Child Development, University of Miami Medical School, USA

    Uwe Stave

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Cara, J. (1978). The Anterior Lobe of the Hypophysis. In: Stave, U. (eds) Perinatal Physiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2316-7_38

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