Abstract
Given the title of this volume, some of the questions one should expect to be at issue are surely: What has been, what is, and what should be the relationship between learning and intelligence? Are the referents of the two terms identical? Are they, rather, related like two sides of a coin? Or do they perhaps refer to levels of intellect or intellectual function?
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anderson, J. R., and Bower, G. H. Human Associative Memory. Washington, D.C.: V. H. Winston, 1973.
Atkinson, R. C., and Shiffrin, R. M. Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. In K. W. Spence and J. T. Spence (Eds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation. Vol. 2. New York: Academic Press, 1968. Pp. 89–195.
Bartlett, F. C. Remembering. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1932.
Binet, A. and Simon, T. The Development of Intelligence In Children. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1916.
Bower, G. H. Cognitive psychology: An introduction. In W. K. Estes (Ed.), Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. Vol. 1. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1975. Pp. 25–80.
Broadbent, D. E. Perception and Communication. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1958.
Carroll, J. B. Psychometric tests as cognitive tasks: A new “structure of intellect.” In L. B. Resnick (Ed.), The Nature of Intelligence. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1976. Pp. 27–56.
Charlesworth, W. R. Human intelligence as adaptation: An ethological approach. In L. B. Resnick (Ed.), The Nature of Intelligence. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1976. Pp. 147–168.
Chase, W. G., and Clark, H. H. Mental operations in the comparison of sentences and pictures. In L. Gregg (Ed.), Cognition in Language and Memory. New York: Wiley, 1972.
Collins, A. M., and Quillian, M. R. How to make a language user. In E. Tulving and W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of Memory. New York: Academic Press, 1972. Pp. 309–351.
Crothers, E., and Suppes, P. Experiments in Second-Language Learning. New York: Academic Press, 1967.
Ebbinghaus, H. Memory. 1885. Translated by H. A. Ruger and C. E. Bussdenius. New York: Teachers College, 1913.
Ellis, N. R. Handbook of Mental Deficiency. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.
Ellis, N. R. International Review of Research in Mental Retardation. 1970, 4.
Estes, K. W. An information-processing analysis of reinforcement in children’s discrimination learning. Child Development, 1976, 639–647.
Estes, W. K. New perspectives on some old issues in association theory. In N. J. Mackintosh and W. K. Honig (Eds.), Fundamental Issues in Associative Learning. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Dalhousie University Press, 1969. Pp. 162–189.
Estes, W. K. Learning Theory and Mental Development. New York: Academic Press, 1970.
Estes, W. K. Reinforcement in human behavior. American Scientist, 1972, 60, 723–729.
Estes, W. K. Learning theory and intelligence. American Psychologist, 1974, 740–749.
Estes, W. K. On the organization and core concepts of learning theory and cognitive psychology. In W. K. Estes (Ed.), Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. Vol. 6. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1978. Pp. 235–292.
Freeman, F. N. The meaning of intelligence. In the National Society for the Study of Education’s 39th Yearbook, Intelligence; Its Nature and Nurture. Bloomington, 111.: Public School Publications, 1940.
Friedman, M. P., Burke, C. J., Cole, M., Keller, L., Millward, R. B., and Estes, W. K. Two-choice behavior under extended training with shifting probabilities of reinforcement. In R. C. Atkinson (Ed.), Studies in Mathematical Psychology. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1964.
Gagne, R. M. Contributions of learning to human development. Psychological Review, 1968, 177–191.
Gibson, E. J. A systematic application of the concepts of generalization and differentiation to verbal learning. Psychological Review, 1940, 196–229.
Gilmartin, K. J., Newell, A., and Simon, H. A. A program modeling short-term memory under strategy control. In C. Cofer (Ed.), The Structure of Human Memory. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Co., 1976. Pp. 15–30.
Greeno, J. G., James, C. T., DaPolito, F., and Poison, P. G. Associative Learning: A Cognitive Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1978.
Guilford, J. P. The Nature of Human Intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967.
Guthrie, E. R. The Psychology of Learning. New York: Harper, 1935.
Harlow, H. F. The formation of learning sets. Psychological Review, 1949, 51–65.
Hebb, D. O. The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory. New York: Wiley, 1949.
Hull, C. L. Principles of Behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1943.
Hunt, E. B. Concept Learning: An Information Processing Problem. New York: Wiley, 1962.
James, W. Principles of Psychology (2 vols.). New York: Holt, 1890.
Kintsch, W. The Representation of Meaning in Memory. New York: Wiley, 1974.
Kintsch, W., and Vipond, D. Reading comprehension and readability in educational practice and psychological theory. In L.-G. Nilsson (Ed.), Perspectives on Memory Research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1978. Pp. 329–366.
LaBerge, D. Perceptual learning and attention. In W. K. Estes (Ed.), Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. Vol. 4. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1976. Pp. 237–274.
Lashley, K. S. An examination of the continuity theory as applied to discriminative learning. Journal of General Psychology, 1942, 241–265.
Lewin, K. Intelligence and motivation. In the National Society for the Study of Education’s 39th Yearbook, Intelligence; Its Nature and Nurture. Bloomington, 111.: Public School Publishing Co., 1940.
Luce, R. D. Detection and recognition. In R. D. Luce, R. R. Bush, and E. Galanter (Eds.), Handbook of Mathematical Psychology. Vol. 1. New York: Wiley, 1963. Pp. 103–190.
McGeoch, J. A. The Psychology of Human Learning. New York: Longmans and Green, 1942.
Miller, G. A. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 1956, 81–97.
Munn, N. L. Learning in children. In L. Carmichael (Ed.), Manual of Child Pschology, 2nd Ed. New York: Wiley, 1954. Pp. 374–458.
Neisser, U. Cognitive Psychology. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967.
Nuttin, J. R., and Greenwald, A. G. Reward and Punishment in Human Learning. New York: Academic Press, 1968.
Pavlov, I. Conditioned Reflexes. London: Oxford University Press, 1927.
Piaget, J. The Origins of Intelligence in Children. New York: International Universities Press, 1952.
Posner, M. I. Chronometric Explorations of Mind. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1978.
Rescorla, R. A., and Wagner, A. R. A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and non-reinforcement. In A. H. Black and W. R. Prokasy (Eds.), Classical Conditioning II. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1972.
Robinson, E. S. Association Theory Today. New York: The Century Co., 1932.
Shiffrin, R. M. and Schneider, W. Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory. Psychological Review, 1977, 84, 127–190.
Sidman, M., and Stoddard, L. T. Programming perception and leaning for retarded children. In N. R. Ellis (Ed.), International Review of Research in Mental Retardation, 1966, 2, 141–208.
Simon, H. A., and Feigenbaum, E. A. An information-processing theory of some effects of similarity, familiarization, and meaningfulness in verbal learning. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1964, 3, 385–396.
Skinner, B. F. The Behavior of Organisms: An Experimental Analysis. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1938.
Spearman, C. “General intelligence” objectively determined and measured. American Journal of Psychology, 1904, 15, 201–293.
Sternberg, R. J. Intelligence, Information Processing, and Analogical Reasoning; The Componential Analysis of Human Abilities. Hillsdale, NJ; Erlbaum Associates, 1977.
Sternberg, S. High-speed scanning in human memory. Science, 1966, 652–654.
Terman, L. M. The Measurement of Intelligence. Boston; Houghton Mifflin, 1916.
Thorndike, E. L. The Measurement of Intelligence. New York; Teachers College Press, 1926.
Thorndike, E. L. Human Learning. New York; Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1931.
Thurstone, L. L. The Nature of Intelligence. New York; Harcourt, Brace and World, 1924.
Tolman, E. C. Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men. New York; Appleton-Century, 1932.
Tulving, E. Theoretical issues in free recall. In T. R. Dixon and D. L. Horton (Eds.), Verbal behavior and General Behavior Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice-Hall, 1968. Pp. 2–36.
Underwood, B. J. Are we overloading memory? In A. W. Melton and E. Martin (Eds.), Coding Processes in Human Memory. Washington, D.C.; V. H. Winston, 1972. Pp. 1–23.
Wechsler, D. Cognitive, conative, and non-intellective intelligence. American Psychologist, 1950, 5, 78–83.
Woodrow, H. Interrelations of measures of learning. Journal of Psychology, 1940, 10, 49–73.
Woodworth, R. S. Experimental Psychology. New York; Holt, 1938.
Zeaman, D., and House, B. J. The role of attention in retardate discrimination learning. In N. R. Ellis (Ed.), Handbook of Mental Deficiency. New York; McGraw-Hill, 1963. Pp. 159–223.
Zeaman, D., and House, B. J. The relation of IQ and learning. In R. M. Gagne (Ed.), Learning and Individual Differences. Columbus, Ohio; Charles E. Merrill, 1967. Pp. 192–212.
Zeaman, D., and House, B. J. Interpretation of developmental trends in discriminative transfer effects. In A. D. Pick (Ed.), Minnesota Symposia in Child Psychology, 1974, 144–186.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Estes, W.K. (1981). Intelligence and Learning. In: Friedman, M.P., Das, J.P., O’Connor, N. (eds) Intelligence and Learning. NATO Conference Series, vol 14. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1083-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1083-9_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1085-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1083-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive