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The Turnover of Acetylcholine

  • Chapter
Central Neurotransmitter Turnover

Abstract

Acetylcholine is an important transmitter in the central nervous system, though since there are technical difficulties in locating the cholinergic pathways, less is known about these than, for example, those involving noradrenaline (Butcher, 1978; McGeer & McGeer, 1979). However, newer methods for the location of cholinergic receptors, particularly the muscarinic receptors which predominate in the brain, has led to more information (Kuhar et al., 1980). Clearly the cholinergic activity of a given pathway is related to the amount of acetylcholine released at the terminals and if the store of acetylcholine is to remain constant, then that which is released must be resynthesised; this represents the turnover or process of renewal (more specifically in a given compartment). The turnover rate (TRACh) is the quantity of acetylcholine turned over, i.e. synthesized and catabolized in a given time. Indirectly, cholinergic activity can be related to levels of acetylcholine and also to the capacity of a given tissue to synthesize the transmitter. Synthetic capacity, however, will not necessarily be related to use and turnover. Marchbanks (1977) has calculated that the capacity for synthesis at the neuromuscular junction exceeds turnover by a factor of 50.

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Ansell, G.B. (1981). The Turnover of Acetylcholine. In: Pycock, C.J., Taberner, P.V. (eds) Central Neurotransmitter Turnover. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9778-0_4

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