Abstract
When the first computers were developed and introduced, it was believed that a few computers or, at worst, several dozen would suffice to meet the requirements of science and engineering. Indeed, at first things were precisely so. Therefore, designers of early computers did not pay much attention to their convenience of use. Von Neumann’s computer (1) was designed to have programs that were manually constructed. From the standpoint of such an approach to computer use, its design was comprehensive: not only were the principles of construction and function developed, but also problems of preparing programs for the computer were considered (2). Von Neumann’s computer had one remarkable feature: the program according to which the computer worked was held in the main memory. As in the case of data, the program might at any moment be sent into the memory, and what is more important, the program instructions could be changed and even completely revised by using machine operations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A. W. Burks, H. H. Goldstein, and J. von Neumann, Preliminary discussion of the logical design of an electronic computing instrument, in J. von Neumann, “Collected Works,“ Vol. 5, Pergamon Press, New York (1963).
H. H. Goldstein and J. von Neumann, Planning and coding problems for electronic computing instruments, in J. von Neumann, “Collected Works,” Vol. 5, Pergamon Press, New York (1963).
A. Olfer, Fourth generation software, Datamation (January 1967).
Behind the complaints on computer software, Electronics 39 (17) (1966).
H. Rutishauser, Automatische Rechenplanfertigung bei programm-gesteuerten Re-chenmaschinen, Mitt. Inst. Andrew der ETH Zurich, No. 3 (1952).
K. Samelson and F. L. Bauer, Sequential formula translation, Commun. ACM 3 (2) (February 1960).
A. Evans, An algol 60 compiler, Annual review in automatic programming 4 (1964).
C. H. Hamblin, Translation to and from Polish notation, Computer J. 5 (3) (October 1962).
E. W. Dijkstra, Recursive programming, Numerische Mathematik 2 (October 1960).
J. P. Anderson, A computer for direct execution of algorithmic language, in “Proc. EJCC, 1961.”
R. S. Barton, A new approach to the functional design of a digital computer, in “Proc. WJCC, May 1961.”
W. Lonergan and P. Kind, Design of the B 5000 system, Datamation, No. 5, May 1961.
H. D. Baecker and B. J. Gibbens, A commercial use of stacks, Annual review in automatic programming 4 (1964).
A. C. D. Haley, The KDF-9 computer system, in “AFIPS Conf. Proc.,“ Vol. 22, FJCC (1962).
R. H. Allmark and J. R. Lucking, Design of an arithmetic unit incorporating a nesting store, in “Proc. IFIP Congress, Munich 1962.”
S. Takahashi, H. Nihino, K. Yoshihiro, and K. Fuchi, System design of the ELT Mk-6 computer, in “Proc. IFIP Congress, Munich 1962.”
A. J. Melbourne and J. M. Pugmire, A small computer for the direct processing of Fortran statements, Computer J. 8 (1) (April 1965).
V. M. Glushkov and Z. L. Rabinovich, Developmental trends of computer algorithm structure (in Russian), in Sb. “Kibernet. na Sluzhbu Kommunizmu”, Vol. 3, Energiya (1966).
T. R. Bashkov, A sequential circuit for algebraic statement translation, IEEE Trans. Electronic Computers EC-13 (2) (1964).
T. R. Bashkov, A. Sasson, and A. Kronfeld, System design of a Fortran machine, IEEE Trans. Electronic Computers EC-16 (4) (1967).
A narrative description of Burroughs B 5500 disk file master control program, Burroughs Corp.
P. Ercoli, System and programming aspects of the computer INAC, Calcolo 3 (October 1966).
V. Vittorelli, The Olivetti-INAC computer, Calcolo 3 (October 1966).
Burroughs B 5000 Series, Data processing (February 1968).
V. M. Glushkov, A. A. Letichevskii, and A. A. Stognii, The Input Language of a Computer, Kibernetika, No. 1 (1965) (in Russian).
C. B. Carlson, The mechanization of a push-down stack, in “Proc. FJCC, 1963.”
P. V. Bock, An interrupt control for B 5000 data processor, in “Proc. EJCC, 1963.”
Zero-address computers, Computer J. 5 (1) (1962).
B. Randell and L. J. Russel, Single-scan techniques for the translation of arithmetic expressions in algol-60, J. ACM 11 (April 1964).
A. N. Myamlin and V. K. Smirnov, Computers with stack memory, in “Proc. IFIP Congress, Edinburgh, 1968.”
Alan C. Shaw, Lecture notes on a course in systems programming, Technical report No. 52, Stanford University, December 9, 1966.
E. Z. Lyubimskii, Statistical research on the computer Strela, Report to the All-Union Conference on Computer Mathematics and Computer Technology, Mosk. Gos. Univ., November 1959 (in Russian).
G. M. Amdahl, G. A. Blaauw, and F. P. Brooks, Architecture of the IBM System/360, IBM J. Res. Dev. 8 (2) (1964).
J. K. Iliffe, “Basic Machine Principles,” Macdonald and Co., London (1968).
J. K. Iliffe, Elements of BLM, Computer J. 12 (3) (1969).
T. Kilburn, D. Morris, J. S. Rohl, and F. H. Sumner, A system design proposal, in “IFIP Congr. Proc., 1968 August.”
D. Aspinall, D. F. Kinniment, and D. B. G. Edwards, Associative memories in large computer systems, in “IFIP Congr. Proc., 1968 August.”
T. Kilburrn, D. G. B. Edwards, M. J. Lanigan, and F. H. Sumner, One-level storage system, IRE Trans. EC-11 (April 1962).
E. A. Hauck and B. A. Dent, Burroughs’ B 6500/B 7500 stack mechanism, in “AFIPS Conf. Proc.,“ Vol. 32, 1968 Spring Joint Computer Conference.
J. K. Iliffe and J. K. Jodeit, A dynamic storage allocation scheme, Computer J. 5 (1962).
G. G. Scarrott and J. K. Iliffe, The basic language project, in “IFIP Congress Proc., August 1968.”
E. Bloch and R. A. Henle, Advances in circuit technology and their impact on computing systems, in “IFIP Congress Proc., August 1968.”
Programming in the 70’s, in “Proc. of the 2nd All-Union Conf. on Programming, Novosibirsk, 3–6 February 1970” (in Russian).
Technical description of the all-purpose computer BESM-6. Part IV. Complete description of the command system and use of the machine hardware, IY 700-IY 700,000, TO-8 (in Russian).
J. B. Dennis, Segmentation and the design of multiprogrammed computer system, J. ACM 12 (October 1965).
B. Randell and L. J. Russel, “Algol-60 Implementation,“ Academic Press, New York (1964).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1972 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Smirnov, V.K. (1972). Augmentation of Machine Language Level. In: Tou, J.T. (eds) Advances in Information Systems Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9053-8_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9053-8_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9055-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9053-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive