Abstract
Integration of autonomic nervous activity is very largely carried out weithin the central nervous system (see Ingram, 1960). This being so, it is not unreasonable to conclude with the authors of one text (Davson and Eggleton, 1968) that integration in autonomic ganglia is a “very minor matter.” Indeed, in many accounts of the autonomic nervous sytem it is assumed that the ganglia merely pass on unmodified the impulses they receive from preganglionic nerve cells, and for practical purposes this view seems to serve very well. Studies of the past 40 years, commencing with those of Eccles in the 1930s, do not, however, support this simplistic view of ganglionic function. It will be shown that, as a result of their anatomical connections (see Chapter 6) and synaptic properties (see Chapter 8), autonomic ganglia are capable of several different kinds of activity each reflecting a particular function.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Beacham, W. S., and Perl, E. R., 1964, Characteristics of a spinal sympathetic reflex, J. Physiol, Lond, 173:431.
Bennett, M. R., and McLachlan, E. M., 1972, An electrophysiological analysis of the storage of acetylcholine in preganglionic nerve terminals, J. Physiol. Lond. 221:657.
Billingsley, P. R., and Ranson, S. W., 1918, On the number of nerve cells in the ganglion cervicale superius and of nerve fibers in the cephalic end of the truncus sympathicus in the cat and on the numerical relations of preganglionic and postganglionic neurones, J. Comp. Neurol. 29:359.
Bishop, G. H., and Heinbecker, P., 1932, A functional analysis of the cervical sympathetic nerve supply to the eye, Am. J. Physiol. 100:519.
Blackman, J. G., and Purves, R. D., 1969, Intracellular recordings from ganglia of the thoracic sympathetic chain of the guinea-pig, J. Physiol. Lond. 203:173.
Blackman, J. G., Ginsborg, B. L., and Ray, C., 1963a, Synaptic transmission in the sympathetic ganglion of the frog, J. Physiol. 167:355.
Blackman, J. G., Ginsborg, B. L., and Ray, C., 1963b, Some effects of changes in ionic concentration on the action potential of sympathetic ganglion cells in the frog, J. Physiol. Lond. 167:374.
Blackman, J. G., Crowcroft, P. J., Devine, C. E., Holman, M. E., and Yonemura, K., 1969, Transmission from preganglionic fibers in the hypogastric nerve to peripheral ganglia of male guinea-pigs, J. Physiol. Lond. 201:723.
Bronk, D. W., 1939, Synaptic mechanisms in sympathetic ganglia, J. Neurophysiol. 2:380.
Christ, D. D., and Nishi, S., 1971, Site of adrenergic blockade in the superior cervical ganglion of the rabbit, J. Physiol. Lond. 213:107.
Crowcroft, P. J., and Szurszewski, J. H., 1971, A study of the inferior mesenteric and pelvic ganglia of guinea-pigs with intracellular electrodes, J. Physiol. Lond. 219:421.
Crowcroft, P. J., Holman, M. E., and Szurszewski, J. H., 1971, Excitatory input from the distal colon to the inferior mesenteric ganglion in the guinea-pig, J. Physiol. Lond. 219:443.
Davson, H., and Eggleton, M. G., (eds.), 1968, Principles of Human Physiology, 14th ed., p. 1161, Churchill, London.
Dennis, M. J., Harris, A. J., and Kuffler, S. W., 1971, Synaptic transmission and its duplication by focally applied acetylcholine in parasympathetic neurons in the heart of the frog, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 177:509.
Ebbesson, S. O. E., 1968, Quantitative studies of superior cervical sympathetic ganglia in a variety of primates including man. I. The ratio of preganglionic fibers to ganglionic neurons, J. Morphol. 124:117.
Eccles, J. C., 1935a, The action potential of the superior cervical ganglion, J. Physiol. Lond. 85:179.
Eccles, J. C., 1935b, Facilitation and inhibition in the superior cervical ganglion, J. Physiol Lond. 85:101.
Eccles, R. M., and Libet, B., 1961, Origin and blockade of the synaptic responses of curarized sympathetic ganglia, J. Physiol. Lond. 157:484.
Haefely, W., 1972, Electrophysiology of the adrenergic neuron, in: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, Vol. 33 (H. Blaschko and E. Muscholl, eds.), pp. 661–725, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Honma, S., 1970, Functional differentiation in sB and sC neurons of toad sympathetic ganglia, Jap. J. Physiol 20:281.
Ingram, W. R., 1960, Central autonomic mechanisms, in: Handbook of Physiology, Section I: Neurophysiology, Vol. II (H. W. Magoun, ed.), pp. 951–978, American Physiological Society, Washington, D.C.
Koketsu, K., 1969, Cholinergic synaptic potentials and the underlying ionic mechanisms, Fed. Proc. 28:101.
Kosterlitz, H. W., Lees, G. M., and Wallis, D. I., 1968, Resting and action potentials recorded by the sucrose-gap method in the superior cervical ganglion of the rabbit, J. Physiol. Lond. 195:39.
Lampard, D. G., and Redman, S. J., 1969, Stochastic stimulation for the pharmacological study of monosynaptic spinal reflexes, Europ. J. Pharmacol. 5:141.
Langley, J. N., 1900, The sympathetic and other related systems of nerves, in: Text Book of Physiology, Vol. 2 (E. A. Shäfer, ed.), pp. 616–696, Pentland, Edinburgh.
Langley, J. N., 1903, The autonomic nervous system, Brain 25:1.
Libet, B., 1970, Generation of slow inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic potentials, Fed. Proc. 29:1945.
Mannard, A., and Polosa, C., 1973, Analysis of background firing of single sympathetic preganglionic neurons of cat cervical nerve, J. Neurophysiol. 36:398.
Martin, A. R., and Pilar, G., 1963, Dual mode of synaptic transmission in the avian ciliary ganglion, J. Physiol. Lond. 168:443.
Marwitt, R., Pilar, G., and Weakly, J. N., 1971, Characterization of two ganglion cell populations in avian ciliary ganglia, Brain Res. 25:317.
McLachlan, E. M., 1973, The release of acetycholine from preganglionic nerve terminals by short trains of impulses, Proc. Aust. Physiol. Pharmacol. Soc. 4:67.
McMahan, U. J., and Kuffler, S. W., 1971, Visual identification of synaptic boutons on living ganglion cells and of varicosities in postganglionic axons in the heart of the frog, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 177:485.
Melnitchenko, L. V., and Skok, V. I., 1970, Natural electrical activity in mammalian parasympathetic ganglion neurones, Brain Res. 23:211.
Mirgorodsky, V. N., and Skok, V. I., 1969, Intracellular potentials recorded from a tonically active mammalian sympathetic ganglion, Brain Res. 15:570.
Mirgorodsky, V. N., and Skok, C. I., 1970, The role of different preganglionic fibers in tonic activity of the mammalian sympathetic ganglion, Brain Res. 22:262.
Nishi, S., 1970, Cholinergic and adrenergic receptors at sympathetic preganglionic nerve terminals, Fed. Proc. 29:1957.
Nishi, S., and Koketsu, K., 1960, Electrical properties and activities of single sympathetic neurons in frogs, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 55:15.
Nishi, S., Soeda, H., and Koketsu, K., 1965, Studies on sympathetic B and C neurons and patterns of preganglionic innervation, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 66:19.
Perry, W. L. M., 1957, Transmission in autonomic ganglia, Brit. Med. Bull. 13:220.
Polosa, C., 1968, Spontaneous activity of sympathetic preganglionic neurons, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 46:887.
Purves, R. D., 1968, Intracellular recording from mammalian sympathetic ganglia, Thesis (B. Med. Sci.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Redman, S. J., and Lampard, D. G., 1968, Monosynaptic stochastic stimulation of cat, spinal motoneurons. I. Response of motoneurons to sustained stimulation, J. Neurophysiol. 31:485.
Sacchi, O., and Perri, V., 1971, Quantal release of acetylcholine from the nerve endings of the guinea-pig superior cervical ganglion, Pflügers Arch. Ges. Physiol. 329:207.
Sato, A., and Schmidt, R. P., 1971, Ganglionic transmission of somatically induced sympathetic reflexes, Pflügers Arch. Ges Physiol. 326:240.
Skok, V. I., 1973, Physiology of Autonomic Ganglia, Igaku Shoin, Tokyo.
Wolf, G. A., 1941, The ratio of preganglionic neurons to postganglionic neurons in the visceral nervous system, J. Comp. Neurol. 75:235.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1974 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Blackman, J.G. (1974). Function of Autonomic Ganglia. In: Hubbard, J.I. (eds) The Peripheral Nervous System. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8699-9_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8699-9_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-8701-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-8699-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive