Abstract
The study of binary, ternary, and more complex systems of chemically-active refractory metals, including “hard” “superconductors” only became possible in the second half of the present century after pure, rare, and refractory metals had been prepared and the apparatus and techniques developed for their vacuum melting, “neutral” melting, and heat treatment [1].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literature Cited
E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met ally, No. 10, p. 11 (1967).
E. M. Savitskii, Yu. V. Devingtal’, and V. B. Gribulya, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Tekh. Fiz., 178(1):79 (1968); 183 (5): 11 (1968).
E. M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 12 (7): 1721 (1967).
B. T. Matthias, in: Superconducting Materials [Russian translation], Izd. Mir, Moscow (1965), pp. 15 and 25.
N. V. Ageev, Nature of the Chemical Bond in Metallic Alloys, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1947).
E. M. Savitskii and V. V. Baron, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metallurgiya i Gornoe Delo, No. 5, p. 1 (1963).
E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), p. 3.
B. W. Roberts, General Electric Research Lab. Rept., R.L.-3552M (1963).
H. Wilchelm, O. Carlson, and I. Dickinson, J. Metals, No. 6, p. 195 (1954).
J. K. Hulm and R. D. Blaugher, Phys. Rev., 123 (5): 1569 (1961).
W. De Sorbo, Phys. Rev., 130: 2177 (1963).
I. M. Corsan and A. I. Cook, Phys. Stat. Sol., 40: 657 (1970).
M. Ishikawa and L. E. Toth, Phys. Rev., B., 3 (6): 1856 (1971).
N. N. Sirota and A. Ovseichuk, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 174 (3): 570 (1967).
D. Williams and W. Pechin, Trans. ASM, 50: 108 (1958).
R. R. Hake, T. G. Berlincourt, and D. H. Leslie, Superconductors, New York (1962), p. 53.
B. S. Chandrasekhar, J. K. Hulm, and S. K. Jones, Phys. Letts., 5: 18 (1963).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and S. D. Gindina, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 191 (2): 338 (1970).
I. W. Heaton and A. C. Rose-Innes, Cryogenics, 4: 85 (1964).
B. T. Ogasawara, I. Kubota, and K. Iasukochi, Phys. Letts., A24 (9): 463 (1967).
I. I. Kornilov and R. S. Polyakova, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 4: 879 (1958).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and K. N. Ivanova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, Metallurgiya i Toplivo, No. 4, 143 (1960).
R. A. Hein, I. W. Gibson, and R. D. Blaugher, Rev. Mod. Phys., 36 (1): 149 (1964).
G. V. Zakharova, I. A. Popov, L. P. Zhorova, and B. V. Fedin, Niobium and Its Alloys, Metallurgizdat, Moscow (1961), pp. 213 and 216.
V. S. Mikheev and D. I. Pevtsov, Zh.Neorgan. Khim., 3 (4): 861 (1958).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and K. N. Ivanova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, Metallurgiya i Toplivo, 2: 119 (1962).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and Yu. V. Efimov, Transactions of Inst. Met., No. 4, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1960), p. 230.
I. Muller, Helv. Phys. Acta, 32: 141 (1959).
V. V. Baron, Yu. V. Efimov, and E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, No. 4, p. 36 (1958).
E. Bucher, G. Buch, and I. Muller, Helv. Phys. Acta, 32: 318 (1959).
C. H. Schramm, A. R. Gordon, and A. R. Kaufmann, J. Metals, 2 (2): 80 (1949).
R. H. Myers, Metallurgia, 42: 3 (1950).
E. M. Savitskii and G. S. Burkhanov, Metallography of Refractory Metals and Alloys, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967).
B. W. Couser, Industr. and Engng. Chem., 42: 222 (1950).
M. Hansen, E. L. Kamen, H. D. Kessler, and D. J. McPherson, Trans. AI ME, 191: 881 (1951).
V. P. Elyutin, M. L. Berenshtein, and Yu. A. Pavlov, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 104: 546 (1955).
P. Duwez, Trans. ASM, 45: 934 (1953).
K. I. Shakhova and P. B. Budberg, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metallurgiya i Toplivo, No. 4, p. 56 (1961).
S. Ames and A. McQuillan, Acta Metallurgica, 2: 831 (1954).
Yu. A. Bagaryatskii, G. I. Nosova, and T. V. Tagunova, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 122: 4 (1958).
E. M. Savitskii, B. Ya. Sukharevskii, V. V. Baron, A. V. Alanina, M. I. Bychkova, Yu. A. Dushechkina, I. S. Shchetkin, and M. N. Kharchenko, in: Superconducting Alloys and Compounds, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1971), p. 79.
V. V. Baron, M. I. Bychkova, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), p. 53.
V. V. Baron and M. I. Bychkova, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 44.
G. Berlincourt and R. R. Hake, Phys. Rev. Lett., 9 (7): 293 (1962).
I. H. Wernick, F. I. Morin, S. L. Hsu, D. Dorsi, I. P. Maita, and J. E. Kunzler, Phys. Rev. Lett., 5: 149 (1960).
T. G. Berlincourt, Transactions of the Eighth International Conference on Low-Temperature Physics, London (1962).
C. Anderson, E. Hayes, A. Robertson, and W. K. Kroll, Rept. Invest. U. S. Bur. Mines, 4658 (1950).
F. Litton, Iron Age, 167: 95, 112 (1951).
C. R. Simcol and W. Mudge, A EC Rept., WARD-38, 21: 70 (1951).
E. Hodge, AEC Rept., NIID-5061, 31: 461 (1952).
I. Keeler, J. Metals, 8 (2): 122 (1956).
B. Rogers and D. Atkins, J. Metals, 7 (2): 1034 (1955).
Yu, F. Bychkov, A. N. Rozanov, and D. M. Skorov, At. inerg., 2 (2): 146 (1957).
C. W. Berghout, Phys. Letts., 1: 992 (1962).
H. Richter, P. Winciez, K. Anderko, and U. Zwiker, J. Less-Common Metals, 4 (3): 252 (1962).
D. R. Love and M. L. Picklesimer, Trans. AIME, 4: 236, 430 (1966).
L. F. Myzenkova, V. V. Baron,aand E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 112.
V. V. Baron, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 37.
Yu. F. Bychkov, I. N. Goncharov, and I. S. Khukhareva, Zh. £ksp. Teor. Fiz., 48 (3): 817 (1965).
S. V. Sudareva, N. N. Buinov, V. A. Vozilkin, E. P. Romanov, and V. G. Rakin, Fiz. Met. Metallov., 21 (3): 388 (1966).
E. M. Savitskii, M. A. Tylkina, and I. A. Tsyganova, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 9 (7): 1650 (1954).
A. Taylor and N. I. Doyle, J. Less-Common Metals, 7: 37 (1964).
M. I. Bychkova, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 68.
T. G. Berlincourt and R. R. Hake, Phys. Rev., 131: 1 (1963).
M. Hansen and K. Anderko, Constitution of Binary Alloys, Vols. 1 and 2 [Russian translation], Metallurgizdat, Moscow (1962).
T. G. Berlincourt, Phys. and Chem. Solids, 11: 12 (1959).
W. Rostoker, Metallurgy of Vanadium [Russian translation], IL, Moscow (1959), pp. 57 and 65.
I. Muller, Helv. Phys. Acta, 32 (3): 141 (1959).
C. H. Cheng, K. P. Gupta, E. C. Van Reuth, and P. A. Beck, Phys. Rev., 126: 2030 (1962).
Yu. V. Efimov, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), p. 59.
Yu. V. Efimov, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 64.
R. R. Hake and D. H. Leslie, Transactions of the Eighth International Conference on Low-Temperature Physics, London (1962).
E. Bucher, F. Heiniger, and I. Muller, Low Temperature Physics, LT-9, Plenum Press, New York (1965), p. 482.
B. T. Matthias, T. H. Geballe, and V. B. Compton, Rev. Mod. Phys., 35 (1): 1 (1963).
J. B. Darby, D. J. Lam, L. J. Norton, and J. W. Downey, J. Less-Common Metals, 4 (6): 558 (1962).
D. O. van Ostenberg, D. J. Lam, H. D. Trapp, and D. E. McLeod, Phys. Rev., 128 (4): 1550 (1962).
C. C. Koch and G. R. Love, J. Metals, 20 (1): 56A (1968).
D. I. Maykuth, H. R. Ogden, and R. I. Jaffee, Trans. AIME, 197, p. 231 (1953).
D. Summers-Smith, J. Inst. Metals, 81: 73 ( 1952, 1953 ).
C. I. Raub and U. Zwicker, Phys. Rev., 137 (1A): 142 (1965).
R. D. Blaugher and W. C. Joiner, Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc., 8: 192 (1963).
D. A. Colling, K. M. Ralls, and J. Wulff, J. Appl. Phys., 37 (13): 4750 (1966).
S. T. Secula, R. W. Boom, and C. I. Bergerou, Appl. Phys. Letts., 2: 102 (1963).
R. P. Elliott, Armor Res. Foundat. Chicago, Techn. Rpt. 1, OSR Techn. Note OSR-247 (1954).
L. Oden-Laurance, D. K. Deardorf, M. I. Copeland, and H. Kato, Rept. Invest. Bur. Mines, U. S. Dept. Interior, 6521, p. 12 (1964).
M. Hausen, E. L. Kamen, H. D. Kessler, and D. I. McPherson, Trans. AIME, 191: 881 (1951).
R. R. Hake, D. H. Leslie, and T. G. Berlincourt, Phys. and Chem. Solids, 20: 177 (1961).
R. R. Hake, Phys. Rev., 123: 1986 (1961).
P. Duwez, J. Inst. Metals, p. 80 (1951–1952).
E. Bucher, F. Heiniger, and I. Muller, Rev. Mod. Phys., 36 (1): 146 (1964).
M. A. Tylkina, A. I. Pekarev, and E. M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 4 (10): 2320 (1959).
R. A. Hein, Phys. Rev., 102: 1511 (1956).
M. A. Jensen and J. P. Maita, Phys. Rev., 149 (1): 409 (1966).
W. Meissner, H. Franz, and H. Westerhoff, Phys. Rev., 13: 505 (1932).
I. F. Allen, Phil. Mag., 16: 1005 (1933).
I. Livingston, Phys. Rev., 129: 1943 (1963).
I. Livingston, Rev. Mod. Phys., 36 (1): 54 (1964).
I. C. McLennan, I. F. Allen, and I. O. Wilchelm, Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, 24: 53 (1930).
W. Meissner, H. Franz, and H. Westerhoff, Ann. Phys., 17: 593 (1933).
K. Clusiuk, Z. Electrochem., 38: 312 (1932).
D. P. Seraphim, C. Chiou, and D. I. Quinn, Acta Metallurgica, 9: 861 (1961).
W. Love, Phys. Rev., 92: 238 (1951).
H. E. Cline, R. M. Rose, and J. Wulff, J. Appl. Phys., 34 (6): 1771 (1963).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, O. P. Naumkin, and Yu. V. Efimov, in: Problems of Superconducting Materials, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1970), p. 178.
E. M. Savitskii and Yu. V. Efimov, Mh. Chem., No. 10 (1971).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, U. K. Duisemaliev, and Yu. V. Efimov, Vestn. Akad. Nauk Kazakh SSR, No. 7, p. 39 (1964).
W. Meissner, Ergebn. Exakt. Naturwiss., No. 11, p. 219 (1932).
I. Haase and I. Seiberth, Z. Phys., 213 (1): 79 (1968).
T. Claeson, Phys. Stat. Sol., 25 (2): K95 (1968).
T. Claeson, H. L. Luo, and M. F. Merriam, Phys. Rev., 141 (1): 412 (1966).
T. Claeson, Phys. Rev., 147: 340 (1966).
M. F. Merriam and M. Van Herren, Progress in Cryogenics, London (1964), p. 159.
H. Klailer, Z. Elektrochem., 42: 258 (1936).
I. C. McLennan, I. F. Allen, and I. O. Wilchelm, Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, 23: 278 (1929).
I. H. Wernick and B. T. Matthias, J. Chem. Phys., 34: 2194 (1961).
N. E. Alekseevskii, Zh. £ksp. Teor. Fiz., 38: 1 (1960).
A. F. Spedding, R. M. Valetta, and A. N. Doane, Trans. ASM, 55: 22 (1963).
G. S. Anderson, S. Legvold, and F. H. Spelding, Phys. Rev., 109: 243 (1958).
T. Sugawara and H. Educhi, J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 23 (1): 9 (1967).
B. T. Matthias, H. Suhl, and E. Corenzwit, Phys. and Chem. Solids, 13: 156 (1960).
V. B. Compton and B. T. Matthias, Acta Crystallogr., 12 (9): 651 (1959).
T. H. Geballe, B. T. Matthias, V. B. Compton, E. Corenzwit, and G. W. Hull, Phys. Rev., 137 (19): 4 (1965).
K. A. Gschneidern, Alloys of the Rare-Earth Metals, Mir, Moscow (1965).
B. T. Matthias, T. H. Geballe, V. B. Compton, E. Corenzwit, and G. W. Hull, Rev. Mod. Phys., 36(1):155 (19.64).
B. T. Matthias, V. B. Compton, H. Suhl, and E. Corenzwit, Phys. Rev., 115 (6): 1597 (1959).
L. N. Fedotov, A. I. Radkov, and S. M. Khromov, Trans, of the Central Scientific-Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy, No. 51, Izd. Metallurgiya, Moscow (1967), p. 34.
R. R. Coles, Phys. Rev., 36 (1): 139 (1964).
B. T. Matthias, V. B. Compton, and E. I. Corenzwit, Phys. and Chem. Solids, 19: 130 (1961).
E. M. Savitskii, M. A. Tylkina, and Yu. A. Zot’ev, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 4 (3): 702 (1959).
F. L. Orr ell and M. G. Foutcma, Trans. ASM, 47: 554 (1955).
W. Buckel, G. Dummer, and W. Gey, Z. Angew. Phys., 14 (12): 703 (1962).
K. Schubert, M. Balk, S. Bhan, H. Breimer, P. Esslinger, and E. Stolz, Naturwissenschaften, 46 (23): 647 (1959).
B. T. Matthias and E. Corenzwit, Phys. Rev., 100: 626 (1955).
N. M. Matveeva and T. O. Malakhova, in: Physical Chemistry, Metallography, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 145.
T. A. Pollock, R. Shull, and H. C. Gatos, Phys. Stat. Sol., 2 (2): 251 (1970).
E. M. Savitskii, M. A. Tylkina, and I. A. Tsyganova, At. inerg., 7 (3): 231 (1959).
G. K. White and S B. Woods, Canad. J. Phys., 35: 899 (1957).
B. T. Matthias, in: Superconducting Materials (Russian translation], Izd. Mir, Moscow (1965), p. 15.
R. D, Blaugher, A. Taylor, and J. K. Hülm, IBM J. Res. Devel., 6: 116 (1962).
E. Rutly and St. Windisch, J. Less-Common Metals, 15: 13 (1968).
E. A. Linton, Superconductivity [Russian translation], Izd. Mir, Moscow (1964), p. 160.
E. Stolz and K. Schubert, Z. Metallkunde, 55 (4): 195 (1964).
R. Christoph, Z. Metallkunde, 55 (4): 195 (1964).
G. F. Hardy and J. K. Hülm, Phys. Rev., 93: 1004 (1954).
Yu. V. Efimov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 8 (6): 1522 (1963).
G. F. Hardy and J. K. Hülm, Phys. Rev., 89: 884 (1953).
B. T. Matthias, E. A. Wood, E. Corenzwit, and V. B. Bala, Phys. and Chem. Solids, No. 1, p. 188 (1956).
T. V. Samsonov, Silicides and Their Use in Technology, Izd. AN Ukr. SSR, Kiev (1959), p. 21.
Yu. V. Efimov, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorgan. Mat., 1 (6): 875 (1965).
W. Kunz and E. Saur, Z. Phys., 189 (4): 401 (1966).
E. A. Wood, V. B. Compton, B. T. Matthias, and E. Corenzwit, Acta Crystallogr., 11: 604 (1958).
J. H. Wernick, F. J. Morin, F. S. L. Hsu, D. Dorsi, J. R. Maita, and J. E. Kunzler, High Magnetic Fields, Technol. Press, New York-London-Cambridge (1962), p. 609.
E. M. Savitskii, P. I. Kripyakevich, V. V. Baron, and Yu. V. Efimov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 9 (5): 1155 (1964).
E. M. Savitskii, P. I. Kripyakevich, V. V. Baron, and Yu. V. Efimov, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorgan. Mat., 3 (1): 45 (1967).
V.M.Pan,in: Structure of Metallic Alloys, Izd. Naukova Dumka, Kiev (1966), p. 56.
H. G. Meissner and K. Schubert, Z. Metallkunde, 56 (7): 475 (1965).
J. H. N. van Vucht, H. A. C. M. Brüning, H. C. Donkersloot, and A. H. Gomes de Mesquita, Philips Res. Rept., 19 (5): 407 (1964).
J. H. N. van Vucht, H. A. C. M. Brüning, and H. C. Donkersloot, Phys. Letts., 47 (5): 297 (1963).
W. Jeitsenko, H. Nowotny, and F. Benesovsky, Monatsh. Chem., 95 (1): 156 (1964).
D. A. Petrov, Ternary Systems, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1953).
H. J. Levinstein, J. H. Wemick, and C. D. Capio, Phys. and Chem. Solids, 26 (7): 1111 (1965).
A. M. Zakharov, Phase Diagrams of Binary and Ternary Systems, Izd. Metallurgiya, Moscow (1964).
K. Schubert, H.G.Meissner, W. Rossteutscher, and E. Stolz, Naturwissenschaften, 49: 357 (1962).
A. M. Clogston and V. Jaccarino, Phys. Rev., 121: 1357 (1961).
F. Y. Morin and J. P. Maita, Phys. Rev., 120: 1115 (1963).
H. von Philipsborn, Mischsysteme von Verbindungen des Cr3Si Typs under deren Polimorphia-Erscheinungen, Juris Verlag, Zurich (1964).
C. J. Raub, W. H. Zachariasen, T. H. Geballe, and B. T. Matthias, Phys. and Chem. Solids, 24: 1093 (1963).
W. E. Blumberg, J. Jaccarino, V. Jaccarino, and B. T. Matthias, Phys. Rev. Lett., 5: 149 (1960).
W. Koster and K. Haug, Z. Metallkunde, 48: 327 (1957).
O. Rapp, Solid-State Commun., 9: 1 (1971).
F. Jonault and P. Lecocq, Colloq. Int. CNRS (1967), p. 157.
R. P. Elliott, Armor. Res. Found. Chicago Techn. Rept., p. 1, OSR-TN-247 (1954).
A. P. Nefedov, E. M. Sokolovskaya, A. T. Grigor’ev, I. G. Sokolova, and N. A. Nedumov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 9 (4): 883 (1964).
A. Raman, Proc. Indian Sci., A65(4): 256 (1967).
M. A. Tylkina, K. B. Povarova, and E. M. Savitskii, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 131 (2): 332 (1960).
E. Raub and W. Fritzsche, Z. Metallkunde, 54 (1): 21 (1963).
B. C. Giessen, P. N. Daugel, and N. I. Grant, J. Less-Common Metals, 13 (1): 12 (1967).
B. T. Matthias, T. H. Geballe, S. Geller, and E. Corenzwit, Phys. Rev., 95: 1435
V. V. Baron and E. M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., No. 1, p. 182 (1961).
N. A.Nedumov and V. I. Rabezova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, No. 4, p. 68 (1961).
V. N. Svechnikov, V. M. Pan, and V. I. Latysheva, Metal Physics, Resp. Mezhve-domstv. Sborn. No. 25 (1968), p. 54.
C. R. McKingsey and G. M. Fauling, Acta Crystallogr., 12: 701 (1959).
G. Brauer, Z. Anorgan. Chem., 242 (1): 548 (1939).
N. E. Alekseevskii, N. V. Ageev, and V. F. Shamrai, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorgan. Met., 2 (12): 2150 (1966).
G. Richards, Mem. Scient. Rev. Metallurgie, 61: 265 (1964).
V. M. Glazov, V. N. Vigdorovich, and A. M. Korol’kov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 4: 7 (1959).
K. Rdetz and E. Saur, Physik, 169: 315 (1962).
P. S. Swartz, Phys. Rev. Lett., 9: 448 (1962).
E. Corenzwit, Phys. and Chem. Solids, 9: 93 (1959).
B. W. Roberts, in: New Materials and Methods of Studying Metals and Alloys [Russian translation], Izd. Metallurgiya, Moscow (1966), p. 9.
V. V. Baron, L. F. Myzenkova, E. M. Savitskii, and E. I. Gladyshevskii, in: Metallography and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), p. 86.
Z. A. Guts, N. I. Krivko, V. K. Morozova, T. A. Sidorova, and L. A. Fogel’, Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 35 (9): 1675 (1965).
C. T. Thompson, and J. F. Gerber, Solid-State Electronics, 2: 259 (1961).
T. B. Reed, H. C. Gatos, M. J. La Fleur, and J. T. Roddy, Metallurgy of Advanced Electronic Materials, New York (1963), B, p. 71.
B. T. Matthias, T. H. Geballe, R. H. Willens, E. Corenzwit, and G. W. Hull, Phys. Rev., 139 (5A): 1501 (1965).
V. M. Pan, V. I. Latyesheva, and E. A. Shishkin, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 157,
J. H. Carpenter and A. W. Searcy, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 78: 2079 (1956).
J. H. Carpenter, J. Phys. Chem., 67: 2141 (1963).
H. Nowotny, A. W. Searcy, and J. E. Orr, J. Phys. Chem., 60: 677 (1956).
J. H. Carpenter and A. W. Searcy, J. Phys. Chem., 67: 2144 (1963).
N. Kurti and F. Simon, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., A151: 610 (1935).
S. Geller, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 77: 1502 (1955).
M. I. Agafonova, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, No. 5, p. 138 (1958).
E. M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 12 (7): 1721 (1967).
V. S. Kogan, A. I. Krivko, B. G. Lazarev, L. S. Lazareva, A. A. Matsakova, and O. N. Ovcharenko, Fiz. Met. Metallov., No. 15, p. 143 (1963).
L. L. Wyman, J. R. Cuthill, G. A. Moorse, J. J. Park, and H. Jakowitz, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards, 66A: 351 (1962).
T. B. Reed, H. C. Gatos, M. J. La Fleur, and J. T. Roddy, Superconductors, New York (1962), p. 143.
R. Enstrom, T. Courtney, G. Pearsall, and J. Wulff, Metallurgy of Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 1, Interscience, New York, (1962), p. 121.
R. E. Enstrom, G. W. Pearsall, and J. Wulff, Appl. Phys. Lett., 3: 81 (1963).
H. W. Schaeder and H. S. Rosenbaum, J. Metals, 16: 97 (1964).
V. N. Svechnikov, V. M. Pan, and Yu. I. Beletskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 152.
V. G. Kuznetsova, V. A. Kovaleva, and A. V. Beznosikova, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 146.
J. P. Charlesworth, T. Macphail, and P. E. Madsen, J. Materials Science, 5 (7): 580 (1970).
C. L. Kolbe and C. H. Rosner, Metallurgy of Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 19, Interscience, New York (1962), p. 17.
R. E. Enstrom, N. Y. Pearsall, G. W. Pearsall, and J. Wulff, J. Metals, 16: 97 (1964).
R. E. Enstrom, G. W. Pearsall, and J. Wulff, Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc., 7: 323 (1962).
D. J. van Ooijen, J. H. van Vucht, and W. R. Oruynesteyn, Phys. Lett., 3: 128 (1963).
T. B. Reed and H. C. Gatos, J. Appl. Phys., 33: 2657 (1962).
M. L. Picklesimer, Appl. Phys. Lett., 1: 64 (1962).
H. G. Jansen and E. J. Saur, Transactions of the Seventh International Conference on Low-Temperature Physics (Canada, 1960), Univ. Toronto Press (1961), p. 185.
V. S. Kogan, A. I. Krivko, B. G. Lazarev, L. S. Lazareva, A. A. Matsakova, and O. N. Ovcharenko, in: Metallography and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), p. 76.
V. N. Svechnikov, V. M. Pan, and Yu. I. Beletskii, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 6: 1328 (1966).
H. J. Levinstein and E. Buchler, Trans. Metallurg. Soc. AIME, 230 (6): 1314 (1964).
A. H. Gomes de Mesquita, C. Langereis, and J. I. Leenhonts, Philips Res. Repts., 18 (5): 377 (1963).
T. G. Ellis and H. A. Wilhelm, J. Less-Common Metals, 7 (1): 67 (1964).
L. J. Vieland, RCA Review, 25 (3): 366 (1964).
J. J. Hanak, K. Strater, and G. W. Cullen, RCA Review, 25 (3): 342 (1964).
H. G. Janen, Z. Physik, 162 (3): 275 (1961).
R. G. Maier and G. Wilhelm, Z. Naturforsch., 19A (3): 399 (1964).
J. H. N. van Vucht, D. J. van Ooijen, and H. A. C. M. Brunning, Philips Res. Repts., 20: 136 (1965).
T. R. Anantharaman, Nucl. Sei. Abstracts, 19 (16): 30730 (1965).
J. R. Ogren, T. D. Ellis, and J. F. Smith, Acta Crystallogr., 18 (5): 968 (1965).
G. E. Telentyuk, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), p. 83.
J. J. Hanak, G. D. Cody, P. R. Aron, and H. C. Hitchcock, High Magnetic Fields, Technol. Press, New York-London-Cambridge (1962), p. 592.
T. H. Courtney, G. W. Pearsall, and J. Wulff, Trans. Metallurg. Soc. AIME, 233 (1): 212 (1965).
E. Saur and P. Schuit, Z. Physik, 167: 170 (1962).
F. Lange, Monatsber. Dtsch. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1: 408 (1959).
E. Buchler, J. H. Wernick, K. M. Olsen, F. S. L. Hsu, and J. E. Kunzler, in: Metallurgy of Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 19, Interscience, New York (1963), p. 105.
J. P. Charlesworth, Phys. Letts., 21 (5): 501 (1966).
R. E. Enstrom, J. Appl. Phys., 37 (13): 4880 (1966).
R. Kieffer, F. Benesovsky, H. Nowotny, and H. Schachrer, Z. Metallkunde, 47: 247 (1956).
G. V. Samsonov, V. A. Ermakova, and V. S. Neshpor, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 3: 868 (1958).
V. M. Pan, V. V. Pet’kov, and O. G. Kulik, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Physical Metallurgy of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 161.
H. J. Goldschmidt and I. A. Brand, J. Less-Common Metals, 3 (1): 44 (1961).
E. M. Savitskii, M. A. Tylkina, and K. B. Povarova, At. Energ., 7 (5): 407 (1959).
E. Bucher and I. Muller, Helv. Phys. Acta, 34: 843 (1961).
H. J. Goldschmidt, Research, 10 (7): 289 (1957).
B. T. Matthias and B. S. Chandrasekhar, Rev. Mod. Phys., 36(1):134 (1964). 222 D. Bender, E. Bucher, and J. Muller, Phys. Kondens. Materie, 1: 225 (1963).
A. G. Knapton, J. Less-Common Metals, 2 (2–4): 113 (1960).
E. A. Bucher, F. Heiniger, and I. Muller, Proc. 8th Internat. Congr. Low-Temperature Phys., London (1962), Vol. 4, p. 8.
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and A. N. Khotinskaya, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 6 (11): 2603 (1961).
E. M. Savitskii, M. A. Tylkina, and K. B. Povarova, Rhenium Alloys, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), pp. 126 and 129.
E. Bucher, E. Heiniger, and J. Muller, Phys. Kondens. Materie, 2 (3): 210 (1964).
V. B. Compton, E. Corenzwit, I. P. Maita, B. T. Matthias, and E. Morin, Phys. Rev., 123: 1567 (1961).
I. Niemiec, Bull. Acad. Polon. Sci. Ser. Sci. Chim., 11 (6): 305 (1963).
B. T. Matthias and E. Corenzwit, Phys. Rev., 94: 1065 (1954).
B. T. Matthias, Phys. Rev., 97: 74 (1955).
S. H. Autler, J. K. Hulm, and R. S. Kemper, Phys. Rev., 140 (4A): 1177 (1965).
C. W. Chu, T. F. Smith, and E. Gardner, Phys. Rev. Lett., 20 (5): 198 (1968).
V. Ya. Anosov and S. A. Pogodin, Fundamentals of Physico-Chemical Analysis, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1947).
V. S. Mikheev and O. K. Belousov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 4 (8): 1905 (1961).
T. Doi, F. Ishida, and Y. Tagasi, J. Japan Inst. Metals, 30 (2): 139 (1966).
V. S. Kogan, B. G. Lazarev, and L. F. Yakimenko, Zh. £ksp. Teor. Fiz., Vol. 51, No. 5 (11), p. 1328 (1966).
N. E. Alekseevskii, O. S. Ivanov, I. I. Raevskii, and N. V. Stepanov, Fiz. Met. Metallov., 23 (1): 28 (1967).
A. G. Grigorev, E. M. Sokolovskaya, V. V. Kuprina, M. V. Raevskaya, L. S. Guzen, and I. G. Sokolova, Vestn. MGU, Ser. Khim., 5 (4): 57 (1966).
L. F. Myzenkova, Yu. V. Efimov, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1965), p. 39.
B. G. Lazarev, O. N. Ovcharenko, A. A. Matsakova, and V. G. Volotskaya, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), pp. 76–78.
B. G. Lazarev, O. N. Ovcharenko, and A. A. Matsakova, in: Metallography, Metal Physics, and Physical Chemistry of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), pp. 98–100.
Doi Tosio, Isida Fumihiko, and Kawabe Usio, Hitachi Hyoron, 50(12):1065 (1968) J. Japan Inst. Metals, 32 (9): 886 (1968).
N. E. Alekseevskii, O. S. Ivanov, I. I. Raevskii, and N. V. Stepanov, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 176 (2): 305 (1967).
N. E. Alekseevskii, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 163 (5): 1121 (1965).
T. Doi, M. Masao, and Y. Tagasi, J. Japan Inst. Metals, 30 (2): 133 (1966).
S. Maeda,T. Doi, and F. Ishida, Transactions of the Tenth International Conference on Low-Temperature Physics (1966), p. 185.
T. F. Fedorov, N. M. Popova, and R. V. Skolozdra, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 2, p. 204 (1967).
D. K. Deardorff and H. Kato, The Transformation Temperature of Hafnium, USBM-U-426 (April, 1958 ), p. 8.
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and Yu. V. Efimov, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 3, p. 157 (1966).
V. S. Emel’yanov, Yu. G. Godin, and A. I. Evstyukhin, At. £nerg., 4 (2): 161 (1958).
R. M. Rose and J. Wulff, J. Appl. Phys., 33 (7): 2394 (1962).
R. S. Shmulevich, I. A. Baranov, V. R. Karasik, and G. B. Kurganov, Fiz. Met. Metallov., 21 (3): 379 (1966).
I. A. Baranov, R. S. Shmulevich, V. A. Synikov, V. R. Karasik, and N. G. Vasilev, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 82.
E. M. Savitskii and A. M. Zakharov, in: Study of Nonferrous Metal Alloys, No. 3, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1963), p. 108.
J.Murakami, T. Kajyo, and H. Yoshida, Techn. Repts. Engng. Res. Inst. Kyoto Univ., 13 (5): 65 (1963).
I. A. Popov and N. G. Rodionova, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 9 (4): 890 (1964).
E. M. Savitskii and A. M. Zakharov, Zh„ Neorgan. Khim., 7 (11): 2575 (1962).
V. A. Frolov, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 74.
M. I. Bychkova, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 79.
I. I. Kornilov and V. S. Vlasov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 4 (7): 1630 (1959).
I. I. Kornilov and V. S. Vlasov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 2 (12): 2762 (1957).
I. I. Kornilov and V. S. Vlasov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 4 (9): 2017 (1960).
Yu. V. Efimov, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Metallography, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1967), p. 86.
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, Yu. V. Efimov, M. I. Bychkova, and N. D. Kozlova, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 196 (5): 1145 (1971).
H. J. Sheffe, J. Roy. Statistical Soc., Vol. 20, Ser. B, No. 2, p. 344 (1958).
J. M. Gorman and J. E. Henman, Techno me tries, 4 (4): 463 (1962).
M. Suenaga and K. M. Ralls, J. Appl. Phys., 40 (11): 4457 (1969).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, M. I. Bychkova, S. D. Gindina, Yu. V. Efimov, N. D. Kozlova, L. F. Martynova, B. P. Mikheilov, L. F. Myzenkova, and V. A. Frolov, Summaries of Contributions to the Sixteenth All-Union Conference on Low-Temperature Physics, Leningrad (1970), p. 198.
I. I. Kornilov and R. S. Polyakova, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 3 (4): 879 (1958).
M. I. Bychkova, V. V. Baron, and E. M. Savitskii, in: Properties and Uses of Heat-Resistant Alloys, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1966), p. 30.
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and V. A. Frolov, Soviet Patent No. 296,825, Byull. Izobr., No. 9, p. 94 (1971).
M. V. Mal’tsev, G. D. Danilova, and N. P. Druzhinina, Izv. VUZov, Tsvetnaya Met., No. 5, p. 146 (1959).
I. A. Popov and V. I. Rabezova, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 7 (2): 436 (1962).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, V. A. Frolov, and N. D. Kozlova, in: Superconducting Alloys and Compounds, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1971).
A. Nowikow and H. G. Baer, Z. Metallkunde, 49 (4): 195 (1958).
I. I. Kornilov, V. S. Mikheev, and O. K. Belousov, in: Titanium and Its Alloys, No. 7, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1962), p. 120.
I. S. Komjathy, J. Less-Common Metals, 3 (6): 468 (1961).
E. M. Savitskii, Yu. V. Efimov, and N. D. Kozlova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 4, 215 (1971).
I. I. Kornilov and R. S. Polyakova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, Metallurgiya i Toplivo (1960), No. 1, p. 85.
I. I. Kornilov and R. S. Polyakova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 4, p. 76 (1961).
L. F. Mattheiss, Phys. Rev., 139: A1893 (1965).
A. I. Golovashkin, I. E. Leksina, G. B. Motulevich, and A. A. Shubin, in: Jhe Fifteenth Conference on Low-Temperature Physics, Tiflis (1968).
C. W, Cheng, Phys. Stat. Sol., 40: 717 (1970).
M. F. Manning and M. Y. Chodorov, Phys. Rev., 56 (15): 787 (1939).
A. Taylor, M. I. Doyle, and B. J. Kagle, Trans. ASM, No. 56, p. 49 (1963).
E. M. Savitskii, Yu. V. Efimov, and E. I. Gladyshevskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorgan. Mat., No. 1, p. 354 (1965).
E. I. Gladyshevskii and Yu. B. Kuzma, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 3, p. 2101 (1967).
E. Mf Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and V. A. Frolov, Byull. Izobret., No. 13 (1967).
E. I. Gladyshevskii and G. N. Shvets, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 2, p. 120 (1965).
V. V. Baron, K. N. Ivanova, and E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, Metallurgiya i Toplivo, No 4, p. 143 (1960).
E. M. Savitskii, V. V. Baron, and K. N. Ivanova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekhn. Nauk, Metallurgiya i Toplivo, No. 2, p. 126 (1962).
O. S. Ivanov and G. I. Terekhov, in: Structure of Alloys in Various Systems Incorporating Uranium and Thorium, Gosatomizdat, Moscow (1961), p. 20.
D. A. Prokoshkin and M. I. Zakharova, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, No. 5, p. 59 (1961).
H. J. Goldschmidt and J. A. Brand, J. Less-Common Metals, 3 (1): 44 (1961).
V. S. Mikheev and T. S. Chernova, in: Titanium and Its Alloys, No. 7, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1962), p. 81.
Bi Tsin-Khua and I. I. Kornilov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 5 (4): 902 (1960).
Bi Tsin-Khua, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metallurgiya! Toplivo, No. 6, p. 100 (1959).
Bi Tsin-Khua, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 6 (6): 1351 (1961).
V. N. Svechnikov, Yu. A. Kocherginskaya, et. al., in: Study of Heat-Resistant Materials and Metals, No. 4, Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow (1959), p. 248.
I. I. Komilov, in: Properties and Use of Heat-Resistant Alloys, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1966), p. 3.
A. M. Zakharov and E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorgan. Mat., 3 (4): 661 (1967).
A. M. Zakharov and E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 5, p. 159 (1966).
A. M. Zakharov and E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 1, p. 151 (1965).
A. M. Zakharov and E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 6, p. 121 (1966).
M. A. Tylkina, K. B. Povarova, and E. M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 5 (11): 2459.
C. T. Sims and R. I. Jaffee, Trans. ASM, 52: 929 (1960).
E. M. Savitskii, M. A. Tylkina, and V. P. Polyakova, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 8 (1): 146 (1963).
M. A. Tylkina, V. P. Polyakova, and E. M. Savitskii, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 9 (3): 671 (1964).
W. Rostoker, A Study of Ternary Diagrams of Tungsten and Tantalum, WADC, Techn. Rept., pp. 59–492 (1960).
C. Freiin, VIII Seminair de Thermodynamique et Physicochemie Metallurgiques, Grenoble (May 5-6, 1967 ), p. 15.
E. M. Savitskii and A. M. Zakharov, Zh. Neorgan. Khim., 9 (10): 2422 (1964).
T. Claeson, Phys. Stat. Sol., 42: 321 (1970).
W. de Sorbo, P. E. Lawrence, and W. A. Healy, J. Appl. Phys., 38 (2): 903 (1967).
N. E. Alekseevskii, N. V. Ageev, and V. F. Shamrai, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorgan. Mat., No. 12, p. 2150 (1966).
E. A. Linton and B. Serin, Phys. Rev., 112: 70 (1958).
D. F. Seraphim and D. C. Quinn, Acta Metallurg., No. 9, p. 861 (1961).
B. T. Matthias, H. Suhl, and E. Corenzwit, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1: 92 (1958).
Sci. News, 91 (20): 475 (1967).
C. D. Cody, J. J. Hanak, G. T. McConvile, and F. D. Rosi, Rev. RCA, 25 (3): 338 (1964).
E. M. Savitskii, New Metal Alloys, Izd. Znanie, Moscow (1967).
E. M. Savitskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Metally, No. 3, p. 100 (1967).
E. M. Savitskii, Metal, i Term. Obrabotka Metal., No. 10, p. 12 (1967).
F. Heiniger, E. Bucher, and J. Muller, Physik Kondens. Mater., 5: 243 (1966).
O. S. Ivanov and V. K. Grigorovich, Trans, of the Second Internat. Conf. on the Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy, Contributions of Soviet Scientists, Vol. 3, Geneva (1958).
In: Physical Chemistry of Zirconium Alloys, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1968).
S. A. Nemnonov and E. Z. Kurmaev, in: Problems of Superconducting Materials, Izd. Nauka, Moscow (1970), p. 5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1973 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Savitskii, E.M., Baron, V.V., Efimov, Y.V., Bychkova, M.I., Myzenkova, L.F. (1973). Physicochemical Analysis of Superconducting Systems. In: Superconducting Materials. The International Cryogenics Monograph Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8672-2_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8672-2_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-8674-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-8672-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive