Abstract
The transport and accumulation of proteins in blood vessel walls is important physiologically and may play a role in the pathogenesis of certain disease states. Plasma osmotic pressure is maintained by limiting the transport of plasma proteins, chiefly albumin, across the capillary wall. Lipoproteins may also pass across capillary walls and thus carry cholesterol from the liver to the rest of the body. Abnormalities in lipoprotein uptake by extrahepatic tissue, as in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, lead to elevated lipoprotein concentrations in the plasma which may result in increased incidence of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis itself is associated with the abnormal accumulation of cholesterol in the arterial wall. Experimental evidence indicates that this cholesterol is derived from lipoproteins, in particular low-density lipoprotein (LDL), in the plasma (Zilversmit, 1968; Smith and Slater, 1970; Dayton and Hashimoto, 1970).
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Truskey, G.A., Colton, C.K., Smith, K.A. (1981). Quantitative Analysis of Protein Transport in the Arterial Wall. In: Schwartz, C.J., Werthessen, N.T., Wolf, S. (eds) Structure and Function of the Circulation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7927-4_5
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