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Immunopharmacology Reviews pp 377–408Cite as

Toxicity to the Immune System: A Review

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Abstract

Immunotoxicology is defined as the study of events that lead to undesired effects as a result of interaction of foreign substances (e.g., xenobiotics) with the immune system. Toxic responses might arise when the immune system either (1) acts as a passive target of chemical insult, leading to a relatively broad-spectrum loss or potentiation of function; or (2) responds to the antigenic specificity of the chemical as part of a specific immune response. In the latter instance, a more limited population of antigen-specific immune cells is the initial target of the chemical interaction, with the potential for toxic responses to occur (e.g., in the skin or lungs), subsequent to the specific interaction between the chemical antigen (hapten) and host antibody or sensitized cells.

Keywords

  • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon
  • Alveolar Macrophage
  • Host Resistance
  • Organotin Compound
  • Estramustine Phosphate

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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Abbreviations

AB:

antibody

CMI:

cell-mediated immunity

Con A:

con- canavalin A

CSA:

cyclosporin A

CTL:

cytotoxic T lymphocyte

CY:

cyclophosphamide

DBCT:

di-n-butyltin dichloride

DES:

diethylstilbestrol

DOTC:

di-n-octyltin dichloride

DTH:

delayed-type hypersensitivity

ELISA:

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

GVH:

graft versus host

HMI:

humoral mediated immunity

Ig:

immunoglobulin

IL-1:

interleukin 1

IL-2:

interleukin 2

Mϕ :

macrophage

MLR:

mixed leukocyte response

MTD:

maximum tolerated dose NK, natural killer (cell)

PBB:

polybrominated biphenyls

PC:

plasma cell

PCB:

polychorinated biphenyls

PFC:

plaque-forming cell

PG:

prostaglandin

PGE2 :

prostaglandin E2

SRBC:

sheep red blood cell

TCDD:

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.

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  1. Sterling Research Group, 12144, Rensselaer, New York, USA

    Jack H. Dean & Joel B. Cornacoff

  2. National Toxicology Programs, National Institute of Environmental Health Science, 27709, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

    Michael I. Luster

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Dean, J.H., Cornacoff, J.B., Luster, M.I. (1990). Toxicity to the Immune System: A Review. In: Hadden, J.W., Szentivanyi, A. (eds) Immunopharmacology Reviews. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7252-7_6

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