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Biochemical Effects of Adrenocortical Steroids on the Central Nervous System

  • Chapter
Handbook of Neurochemistry

Abstract

Ever since Addison in 1855 first described the clinical manifestations of adrenocortical insufficiency, it has become increasingly evident that the adrenocortical hormones exert a profound influence on the functions of the central nervous system. Several of the cases reported by Addison exhibited neurological and psychological symptoms, which included depression, anxiety, vocal weakness, delirium, “mind-wandering,” etc. Thus Addison was aware of the characteristic psychological and neurological alterations which occur in adrenocortical insufficiency. Similar, but incomplete, studies of adrenocortical hyperfunction emphasized the psychic effects of the adrenocortical steroids. However, despite the fact that the early investigators recognized the important relationship between adrenocortical function and the central nervous system, systematic studies of this relationship had to await parallel advances in the physiology and biochemistry of the adrenal cortex. This chapter will summarize the biochemical effects of adrenocortical steroids on the central nervous system. However, a short review of the neurophysiological and neuropharmacological effects of corticoids on the central nervous system will first be given (see Ref. 1 for a review of this aspect).

This study was supported by grant No. 2-PO1-NS-04553 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service.

Recipient of Public Health Service Research Career Program Award 5-K6-NS-13-838.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    Dixon M. Woodbury

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  1. Neurochemistry and Drug Addiction, New York State Research Institute, Ward’s Island, New York, New York, USA

    Abel Lajtha

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Woodbury, D.M. (1972). Biochemical Effects of Adrenocortical Steroids on the Central Nervous System. In: Lajtha, A. (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7172-8_13

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