Skip to main content

Acute Viral Hepatitis

  • Chapter
Atlas of the Liver

Part of the book series: Atlas of Diseases

  • 433 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the subject of acute viral hepatitis, an area of continuing expansion of knowledge and change. Each of the five well-characterized agents of human viral hepatitis-hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E—is described in detail. The genomic structure of the nucleic acid of these agents, the epidemiologic features of infection, the serologic and virologie characteristics of each infection, and, where available, information on immunoprophylaxis are highlighted in this chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Goldstein SX Alter MJ, Williams IT, et al.: Incidence and risk factors for acute hepatitis B in the United States, 1982–1998: implications for vaccination programs.J Infect Dis 2002, 185:713–719.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Viral Hepatitis. August, 2002 revision.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Brown EA, Ticehurst J, Lemon SM: Immunopathogenesis of hepatitis A and E virus infections. In Immunology of Liver Disease. Edited by Thomas HC, Waters J. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1994:11–37.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Hu M, Kang L, Yao G: An outbreak of hepatitis A in Shanghai. In Infectious Diseases of the Liver. Edited by Bianchi L, Gerok W, Maier K-P, Deinhardt F. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1990:361–372.

    Google Scholar 

  5. McQuillan G, Alter MJ, Everhart JE: Viral hepatitis. In Digestive Diseases in the United States. Edited by Everhart JE. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health; 1994:127–156.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Staes CJ, Schlenker TL, Risk I, et al.: Sources of infection among persons with acute hepatitis A and no identified risk factors during a sustained community-wide outbreak. Pediatrics 2000, 106:e54.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Werzberger A, Mensch B, Kuter B, et al.: A controlled trial of a formalin-inactivated hepatitis A vaccine in health children. N Engl J Med 1992, 327:453–457.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lemon SM, Stapleton JT: Prevention. In Viral Hepatitis. Edited by Zuckerman AJ, Thomas HC. Edinburgh: Churchill-Livingstone; 1993:61–79.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Perez-Trallero E, Cilla G, Urbieta M, et al.: Falling incidence and prevalence of hepatitis A in northern Spain. Scand J Infect Dis 1994, 26:133–136.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Winokur PL, Stapleton JT: Immunoglobulin prophylaxis for hepatitis A. Clin Infect Dis 1992, 14:580–586.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Innis BL, Snitbhan R, Kunasol P, et al.: Protection against hepatitis A by an inactivated vaccine. JAMA 1994, 271:1328–1334.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Aggarwal R, Krawczynski K: Hepatitis E: an overview and recent advances in clinical and laboratory research.J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000, 15:9–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Labrique AB, Thomas DL, Stoszek SK, Nelson KE: Hepatitis E: an emerging infectious disease. Epidemiologic Reviews 1999, 21:162–179.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Aggarwal R, Kini D, Sofat S, et al.: Duration of viraemia and faecal viral excretion in acute hepatitis E. Lancet 2000, 356:1081–1082.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Gerlich W: Structure and molecular virology. In Viral Hepatitis. Edited by Zuckerman AJ, Thomas HC. Edinburgh: Churchill-Livingstone; 1993:83–113.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Yoffe B, Noonan CA: Progress and perspective in human hepatitis B virus research. Prog Med Virol 1993, 40:107–140.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Miska S, Will H: Hepatitis B virus C-gene variants. Arch Virol 1993, 8(suppl):155–169.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chisari FV: Viruses, immunity, and cancer: lessons from hepatitis B. Am J Pathol 2000,156:1118–1132.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Carmen WF, Thomas HC, Zuckerman AJ, Harrison T: Molecular variants. In Viral Hepatitis. Edited by Zuckerman AJ, Thomas HC, New York: Churchill-Livingstone; 1993:115–136.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Chen D-S: Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: new light on an old story.J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1993, 8:470–475.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Recommendations for preventing transmission of infections among chronic hemodialysis patients. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep 2001, 50 (no.RR-5): 5.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Hamilton J, Gross N: The huge bounty on a global killer. Business Week 1994, April 4:92–94.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Kao J-H, Chen D-S: Global control of hepatitis B virus infection. Lancet 2002, 2:395–403.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Bell J, Batey RG, Farrell GC, et al.: Hepatitis C in intravenous drug users. Med J Aust 1990, 153:274–276.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Updated U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep 2001, 50/No.RR-ll:22.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ni Y-H, Chang M-H, Huang L-M, et al.: Hepatitis B virus infection in children and adolescents in a hyperendemic area: 15 years after mass hepatitis B vaccination. Ann Intern Med 2001, 135:796–800.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Chen HL, Chang MH, Ni YH, et al.: Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in children: ten years of mass vaccination in Taiwan. JAMA 1996, 276:906–908.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Polish LB, Gallagher M, Field HA, Hadler SC: Delta hepatitis: molecular biology and clinical and epidemiological features. Clin Microbiol Rev 1993, 6:211–229.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Conjeevaram HS, Di Bisceglie AM: Natural history. In Viral Hepatitis. Edited by Zuckerman AJ, Thomas HC. New York: Churchill-Livingstone, 1993:341–349.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Moradpour D, Brass V, Gosert R, et al.: Hepatitis C: molecular virology and antiviral targets. Trends Mol Med 2002, 8:476–482.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Koff RS: Unit 3: viral hepatitis. In Clinical Teaching Project, edn 2. Bethesda: American Gastroenterology Association; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Farci P, Purcell RH: Natural history and experimental models. In Viral Hepatitis. Edited by Zuckerman AJ, Thomas HC. New York: Churchill-Livingstone; 1993:241–267.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV-related chronic disease. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep 1998, 47/No.RR-19:4.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Terrault NA: Sexual activity as a risk factor for hepatitis C. Hepatology 2002, 36:S99-S105.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Roberts EA, Yeung L: Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 2002, 36:S106–S113.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Tobler LH, Busch MP: History of posttransfusion hepatitis. Clin Chem 1997, 43:1487–1493

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Koff, R.S. (2004). Acute Viral Hepatitis. In: Maddrey, W.C. (eds) Atlas of the Liver. Atlas of Diseases. Current Medicine Group, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6502-4_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6502-4_2

  • Publisher Name: Current Medicine Group, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-6504-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6502-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics