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NO and Hypertension

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Nitric Oxide and the Kidney

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Abstract

Although nitric oxide (NO) release seems to be influenced by changes in blood pressure, it remains controversial whether its production is or is not affected in hypertension. Recent research work is unraveling profound differences in the role of NO in different forms of hypertension. This role seems to vary depending on the stage of the disease and model studied. In human hypertension, pharmacological experiments revealed an impaired NO dilator mechanism. In spontaneous and renovascular hypertension in the rat, the production of NO is increased, probably as a compensatory mechanism. However, in genetic hypertension, NO is ineffective in performing its biological functions, presumably because of increased inactivation by oxidative radicals. In this form of hypertension, an increased production of contractile factors and/or a decreased release of hyperpolarizing factors seem to be involved. NO also plays a crucial role in the kidney, where it contributes to the regulation of blood pressure. A reduced renal production of NO, even with a normal overall endothelial function, could contribute to the genesis of hypertension. In salt-dependent hypertension (Dahl-and DOCA salt-sensitive), NO production is impaired, probably due to a deficiency of the substrate for NO synthase. In pulmonary hypertension, the use of NO gas inhalation has been proposed as a future therapy for this condition. The above issues will be the focus of this chapter.

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Authors
  1. Eduardo Nava
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  2. Georg Noll
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  3. Thomas F. Lüscher
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Michael S. Goligorsky

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Steven S. Gross

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Nava, E., Noll, G., Lüscher, T.F. (1997). NO and Hypertension. In: Goligorsky, M.S., Gross, S.S. (eds) Nitric Oxide and the Kidney. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6039-5_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6039-5_18

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7768-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6039-5

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