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Cholesterol pp 295–318Cite as

Mechanisms and (Patho)Physiological Significance of Biliary Cholesterol Secretion

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Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 28))

Abstract

Fundamental and clinical research on the physiology and metabolism of cholesterol (Ch) is mainly related to the role of this sterol in two disorders that affect millions of people, i. e., atherosclerosis and gallstones. Although the etiologies of these disorders at first sight have very little in common, both are related to the proper functioning of uptake, processing, and disposition from the body of excess Ch by the liver. As nature has not provided the body with an enzymic machinery able to catabolize the Ch molecule, excretory mechanisms are required to remove excess of this ubiquitous sterol. Disposition into bile, followed by fecal loss, represents the only pathway by which quantitatively important amounts of Ch are removed. As such, the hepatobiliary pathway is of crucial importance for the maintenance of Ch homeostasis. Secretion from the liver cell into the bile occurs either in the form of free Ch or after its conversion to bile salts (BS). Both routes contribute about equally to daily fecal sterol excretion. Values for fecal neutral sterol loss (including both biliary Ch and Ch from desquamated intestinal cells) in humans on a Western type diet range from 300–1200 mg/day and those for acidic sterols (i.e., BS) range from 200–800 mg/day. Given a dietary Ch intake in the order of 200–600 mg/dy, these values imply that at least about half of the daily sterol output must originate from endogenous synthesis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Groningen Institute for Drug Studies, Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Academic Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Folkert Kuipers & Henkjan J. Verkade

  2. Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Ronald P. J. Oude Elferink & Albert K. Groen

Authors
  1. Folkert Kuipers
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  2. Ronald P. J. Oude Elferink
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  3. Henkjan J. Verkade
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  4. Albert K. Groen
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York, 11367-1597, USA

    Robert Bittman

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© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Kuipers, F., Oude Elferink, R.P.J., Verkade, H.J., Groen, A.K. (1997). Mechanisms and (Patho)Physiological Significance of Biliary Cholesterol Secretion. In: Bittman, R. (eds) Cholesterol. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 28. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5901-6_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5901-6_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7707-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5901-6

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