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Neuroendocrine Control of Growth Hormone Secretion

  • Chapter
Book cover Growth Hormone

Part of the book series: Endocrine Updates ((ENDO,volume 4))

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Abstract

Growth hormone (GH), like many other pituitary hormones, is released from the pituitary in a highly episodic manner. In the conscious male rat, the pulsatile pattern of GH secretion is particularly striking, with high amplitude pulses occurring regularly, once every 3–4 h (Tannenbaum & Martin, 1976). The pattern of GH secretion reflects a changing balance in the output of two neuroendocrine systems: the GH-releasing hormone (GRF) neurones, which stimulate GH secretion (Guillemin et al. 1982; Rivier et al. 1982) and the somatostatin neurones, which inhibit GH secretion (Brazeau et al. 1973). GRF and somatostatin are released into portal blood at the median eminence and are then transported to the anterior pituitary where they bind to different receptors on the somatotroph cells. Passive immunization studies have established that GRF and somatostatin control different aspects of the GH secretory pattern: GRF controls GH pulse amplitude and its release is a prerequisite for pulsatile GH secretion whereas somatostatin is important for regulating the period between pulses (see Jansson et al. 1985). Somatostatin also appears to be involved in the GH pulse generating mechanism, since a pulsatile pattern of GH secretion can be generated by an intermittent intravenous infusion of somatostatin, in which GH pulses occurred when delivery of somatostatin was interrupted for a short period every 3 hours (Clark & Robinson 1988).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism (RCEM), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden

    John-Olov Jansson & Suzanne L. Dickson

  2. Dept. Physiology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK

    John-Olov Jansson & Suzanne L. Dickson

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  1. John-Olov Jansson
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  2. Suzanne L. Dickson
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  1. Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden

    Bengt-Åke Bengtsson M.D.

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Jansson, JO., Dickson, S.L. (1999). Neuroendocrine Control of Growth Hormone Secretion. In: Bengtsson, BÅ. (eds) Growth Hormone. Endocrine Updates, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5163-8_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5163-8_1

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