Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Search for Possible “Universal-Application” Gas Mixtures

  • Chapter
Gaseous Dielectrics VIII

Abstract

In an effort to respond to the recent concerns over the possible impact of SF6 on global warming, we have searched for an SF6 substitute gas that could be used in high voltage equipment instead of pure SF6, with minimal changes in practice, operation, and ratings of the existing pure SF6-insulated apparatus. of the many unitary, binary, and tertiary gases/mixtures that have been tested to date, SF6-N2 mixtures seem to be the most promising and most thoroughly characterized gaseous dielectric media besides pure SF6. Based upon research conducted world-wide over the last few decades, it appears that the optimum composition of an SF6-N2 mixture for use as a gaseous dielectric in place of pure SF6 for both high voltage insulation (such as in gas-insulated transmission lines and gas-insulated transformers) and possibly also for arc and current interruption purposes may be in the range 40% to 50% SF6in N2 (by volume). Most of the existing data support the use of such mixtures for gas-insulated transmission lines and gas-insulated transformers, but their use for circuit breakers is still in question requiring further exploration.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. L. G. Christophorou, J. K. Olthoff, and D. S. Green, Gases for Electrical Insulation and Arc Interruption: Possible Present and Future Alternatives to Pure SF 6 Gases for Electrical Insulation and Arc Interruption: Possible Present and Future Alternatives to Pure SF, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST Technical Note 1425 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  2. L. G. Christophorou (Ed.), Gaseous Dielectrics, Volumes I-V, Pergamon Press, New York (respectively, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1987); Volumes VI and VII, Plenum Press, New York (respectively, 1990 and 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Electric Power Research Institute, Gases Superior to S 6 for Insulation and Interruption, Report EPRI EL-2620, September (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  4. S. A. Boggs, F. Y. Chu, and N. Fujimoto (Eds.), Gas-Insulated Substations, Pergamon Press, New York (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  5. L. G. Christophorou and R. J. Van Brunt, “SF6/N2 Mixtures, Basic and HV Insulation Properties,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2:952 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. N. H. Malik and A. H. Qureshi, A Review of Electrical Breakdown in Mixtures of SF6and Other Gases, IEEE Trans. Electr. Insul., EI-14:1 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Rein and J. Kulsetås, “Impulse Breakdown of SF6/N2 Insulation. Influence of Electrode Covering. Polarity Effects,” in: Gaseous Dielectrics III, L. G. Christophorou (Ed.), Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 315–321 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. H. Cookson and B. O. Pedersen, “Analysis of the High Voltage Breakdown Results for Mixtures of SF6 with CO2, N2, and Air,” in: Third Intern. Symposium on High Voltage Engineering, Milan, paper 31.10 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  9. M. O. Pace, J. L. Adcock, and L. G. Christophorou, “Particle Contamination in Gas-Insulated Systems: New Control Methods and Optimum SF6/N2 Mixtures,” in: Gaseous Dielectrics IV, L. G. Christophorou and M. O. Pace (Eds.), Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 377–386 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  10. D. R. James, M. O. Pace, D. W. Bouldin, and L. G. Christophorou, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Report, ORNL/TM-9017 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  11. B. Blankenburg, “Flashover Behavior of Cylindrical Insulators in SF6, N2, and SF6/N2Mixtures,” in: Proc. Third Intern. Symp. on High Voltage Engineering, Milan, paper No. 32.03 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  12. M. Eteiba, F. A. M. Rizk, N.-G. Trinh, and C. Vincent, “Influence of a Conducting Particle Attached to an Epoxy Resin Spacer on the Breakdown Voltage of Compressed-Gas Insulation,” in: Gaseous Dielectrics II, L. G. Christophorou (Ed.), Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 250–254 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  13. W. Pfeiffer, V. Zimmer, and P. Zipfl, “Time Lags and Optical Investigations of Pre-Discharge in SF6/N2 Mixtures at Very Fast Transient Voltages,” in: Gaseous Dielectrics VI, L. G. Christophorou and I. Sauers (Eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 231–236(1991).

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Technical Research Report I, Temperature Distribution Test in SF 6 Mixture Gas Insulated Transformer, Electrical Engineering Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing Second Transformer Factory, Beijing, China, 1995.5 (Project: Gas-Insulated Transformer: II-Utilization, IDRC Centre File: 93-1204-04).

    Google Scholar 

  15. D. M. Grant, J. F. Perkins, L. C. Campbell, O. E. Ibrahim, and O. Farish, “Comparative Interruption Studies of Gas-Blasted Arcs in SF6/N2 and SF6/He Mixtures,” in: Proc. 4th Intern. Conf. on Gas Discharges, WE Conf. Publ. No 143, pp. 48-51 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  16. R. D. Garzon “The Effects of SF6/N2 Mixtures Upon the Recovery Voltage Capability of a Synchronous Interrupter,” IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-95:140(1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. H. Naganawa, H. Ohno, M. Iio, and I. Miyachi, “DC Interruption by Spiral Arc in SF6/N2 Mixture,” in: 8th International Conference on Gas Discharges and Their Applications, Oxford, pp. 137-140 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  18. A. Lee and L. S. Frost, “Interruption Capability of Gases and Gas Mixtures in a Puffer-Type Interrupter,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Science, PS-8:362 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. A. Gleizes, M. Razafinimanana, and S. Vacquie, “Calculation of Thermodynamic Properties and Transport Coefficients for SF6/N2 Mixtures in the Temperature Range 1,000-30,000 K,” Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, 6:65 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. H. Sasao, S. Hamano, Y. Ueda, S. Yamaji, and Y. Murai, “Dynamic Behavior of Gas-Blasted Arcs in SF6-N2 Mixtures,” IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-101:4024 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, 20899

    L. G. Christophorou & J. K. Olthoff

  2. Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, 20899

    D. S. Green

Authors
  1. L. G. Christophorou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. K. Olthoff
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. D. S. Green
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA

    Loucas G. Christophorou  & James K. Olthoff  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Christophorou, L.G., Olthoff, J.K., Green, D.S. (1998). A Search for Possible “Universal-Application” Gas Mixtures. In: Christophorou, L.G., Olthoff, J.K. (eds) Gaseous Dielectrics VIII. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4899-7_49

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4899-7_49

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7221-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4899-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation