Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Induction of Nitric Oxide Synthase with Urinary Tract Infections

  • Chapter
Advances in Bladder Research

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 462))

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is a small lipophilic gaseous molecule which is released from non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) neurons and is synthesized in a variety of mammalian tissues including macrophages and neutrophils. NO is synthesized from L-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with L-citrulline being a co-product. In many systems, NO activates a cytosolic guanylyl cyclase enzyme with the resultant formation of the second messenger, cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP, in turn, initiates a cascade of protein phosphorylations which leads to functional responses.1

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Xie, Q-w. and Nathan, C.: The high-output nitric oxide pathway: role and regulation. J. Leuk. Biol., 56: 576, 1994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Sessa, W.: The nitric oxide synthase family of proteins. J. Vase. Res., 31: 131, 1994.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Stuehr, D.J. and Marietta, M.A.: Mammalian nitrate biosynthesis: mouse macrophages produce nitrite and nitrate in response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82: 7738, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Tayeh, M.A. and Marietta, M.A.: Macrophage oxidation of L-arginine to nitric oxide, nitrite and nitrate. Tetrahydrobiopterin is required as a co-factor. J. Biol. Chem., 264: 19654, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Andersson, K.-E. and Persson, K.: The L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway and non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxation of the lower urinary tract. Gen. Pharmacol., 24: 833, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Dokita, S., Morgan, W.R., Wheeler, M.A., Yoshida, M., Latifpour, J. and Weiss, R.M.: NG- nitro-L-arginine inhibits non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxation in rabbit urethral smooth muscle. Life Sci., 48: 2429, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Dokita, S., Smith, S.D., Nishimoto, T., Wheeler, M.A. and Weiss, R.M.: Involvement of nitric oxide and cyclic GMP in rabbit urethral relaxation. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 269: 269, 1994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Wheeler, M.A., Pontari, M., Dokita, S., Nishimoto, T., Cho, Y.H., Hong, K.W. and Weiss, R.M.: Age-dependent changes in particulate and soluble guanylyl cyclase activities in urinary tract smooth muscle. Mol. and Cell. Biochem., 169: 115, 1997.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Chung, B.H., Choi, S.K. and Chang, K.I.: Effects of nitric oxide on detrusor relaxation. J. Urol., 155: 2090, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Smith, S.D., Wheeler, M.A., Foster, H.E., Jr. and Weiss, R.M.: Urinary nitric oxide synthase activity and cyclic GMP levels are decreased with interstitial cystitis and increased with urinary tract infections. J. Urol., 155: 1432, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wheeler, M.A., Smith, S.D., Garcia-Cardena, G., Nathan, C.F., Weiss, R.M. and Sessa, W.C.: Bacterial infection induces nitric oxide synthase in human neutrophils. J. Clin. Invest., 99: 110, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Smith, S.D., Wheeler, M.A., Zhang, R., Weiss, E.D., Lorber, M.I., Sessa, W.C. and Weiss, R.M.: Rejection or infection increases nitric oxide synthase activity in urine from renal transplant patients. Kid. Internat., 50: 2088, 1996b.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Smith, S.D., Wheeler, M.A., Foster, H.E., Jr. and Weiss, R.M.: Improvement in interstitial cystitis symptom scores during treatment with oral L-arginine. J.Urol., 158: 703, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Wheeler, M.A., Smith, S.D., Saito, N., Foster, H.E., Jr. and Weiss, R.M.: Effect of long-term oral L-arginine on the nitric oxide synthase pathway in the urine from patients with interstitial cystitis. J. Urol. 158: 2045, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Foster, H.E., Jr., Smith, S.D., Wheeler, M.A. and Weiss, R.M.: Nitric oxide and interstitial cystitis. Adv. Urol., 10: 1, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Olsson, L.E., Wheeler, M.A., Sessa, W.C. and Weiss, R.M.: Bladder instillation and intraperitoneal injection of Ecoli lipopolysaccharide upregulate cytokines and iNOS in rat urinary bladder. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 284: 1203, 1998.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Szabo, C. and Thiemermann, C.: Regulation of the expression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase. Adv. Pharmacol., 34: 113, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Becherel, P.A., Goff, L.L., Ktorza, S., Quaaz, F., Mencia-Huerta, J-M., Dugas, B., Debre, P., Mossalayi, M.D. and Arock, M.: Interleukin-10 inhibits IgE-mediated nitric oxide synthase induction and cytokine synthesis in normal human keratinocytes. Eur. J. Immunol., 25: 2992, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Moore, W.J., Cunha, F.O., Lieu, F.Y. and Weiser, W.Y.: IL-10 inhibits the synthesis of migration inhibitory factor on migration inhibitory factor-mediated macrophage activation. J. Immunol., 151: 4325, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Davidoff, R., Yamaguchi, R., Leach, G.E., Park, E. and Lad, P.M.: Multiple urinary cytokine levels of bacterial cystitis. J. Urol., 157: 1980, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Nicolle, L.E., Brunka, J., Orr, P., Wilkins, J. and Harding, G.K.M.: Urinary immunoreactive interleukin-la and interleukin-6 in bacteriuric institutionalized elderly subjects. J. Urol., 149: 1049, 1993.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Martins, S.M., Darlin, D.J., Lad, P.M. and Zimmern, P.E.: Interleukin 1β: A clinically relevant urinary marker. J. Urol., 151: 1198, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Hedges, S., Stenqvist, K., Lidin-Janson, G., Martinell, J., Sandberg, T. and Svanborg, C.: Comparison of urine and serum concentrations of interleukin-6 in women with acute pyelonephritis or asymptomatic bacteriuria. J. Infect. Dis., 166: 653, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ohta, K., Takano, N., Seno, A., Yachie, A., Miyawaki, T., Yokoyama, H., Tomosugi, N., Kato, E. and Taniguichi, N.: Detection and clinical usefulness of urinary interleukin-6 in the diseases of the kidney and the urinary tract. Clin. Nephrol., 38: 185, 1992.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Agace, W.W., Hedges, S., Ceska, M. and Svanborg, C.: Interleukin-8 and the neutrophil response to mucosal gram-negative infection. J. Clin. Invest., 92: 780, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Saito, N., Smith, S.D., Wheeler, M.A. and Weiss, R.M.: A comparison of IL-8 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in urinary tract infections and interstitial cystitis. FASEB J., 11: A511, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Farkas, A., Alajem, D., Dekel, S. and Binderman, I.: Urinary prostaglandin E2 in acute bacterial cystitis. J. Urol., 124: 455, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Jackson, A.M., Alexandroff, A.B., Kelly, R.W., Skibinska, A., Esuvaranathan K., Prescott, S., Chisholm, G.D. and James, K.: Changes in urinary cytokines and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in bladder cancer patients after Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 99: 369, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Prescott, S., James, K., Hargreave, T.B. and Chisholm, G.D.: Radioimmunoassay detection of interferon-gamma in urine after intravesical BCG therapy. J. Urol., 144: 1248, 1990.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Ratcliff, T.L., Haaff, E.O. and Catalona, W.J.: Interleukin-2 production during intravesical bacille Calmette-Guerin therapy for bladder cancer. Clin Immunol. Immunopathol., 40: 375, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. De Boer, E.C., De Jong, W.H., Steerenberg, P.A., Aarden, L.A., Teteroo, E., De Groot, E.R., Van Der Meijden, A.P.M., Vegt, P.D.J., Debruyne, F.M.J, and Ruitenberg, E.J.: Induction of urinary interleukin-1(IL-1), 11–2, 11–6 and tumor necrosis factor during intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette Guirin in superficial bladder cancer. Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 34: 306, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Bohle, A., Nowe, C.H., Ulmer, A.J., Musehold, J., Gerdes, J., Holstetter, A.G. and Fiad, H.D.: Elevations of cytokines interleukin-1, interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor in the urine of patients after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy. J. Urol., 144: 59, 1990.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Balbay, D., Ozen, H., Ozkardes, H, Barut, A., Bakkaloglu, M, Tasar, C. and Remzi, D.: Detection of urinary interleukin-2, interleukin-2 receptor and tumor necrosis factor levels in patients with superficial bladder tumors after intravesical BCG immunotherapy. Urology. 43: 187, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Shamhart, D.H. J., Kurth, K.H., DeReijke, T.M. and Vleeming, R.: BCG treatment and the importance of an inflammatory response. Urol. Res., 20: 199, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Bettex-Galland, M., Studer, U.E., Walz, A., Dewald, B. and Baggioloni, M. Neutrophil-activating peptide-1/interleukin-8 detection in human urine during acute bladder inflammation caused by transurethral resection of superficial cancer and bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Eur. Urol., 19: 171, 1991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Feng L., Sun, W. and Hwang, D.: Cloning two isofoims of rat cycloooxygenase: differential regulation of their expression. Arch. Biochim.Biophys., 307: 361, 1993.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Smith, S.D., Wheeler, M.A. and Weiss, R.M.: Nitric oxide synthase: An endogenous source of elevated nitrite in infected urine. Kid. Internat., 45: 586, 1994.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Gross, S.S., Stuehr, D.J., Aisaka, K., Jaffe, E.A., Levi, R. and Griffith, O.W.: Macrophage and endothelial cell nitric oxide synthesis: Cell-type selective inhibition by NG-nitroarginine and NG-methyl-arginine. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 170: 96, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Nakane, M., Pollock, J.S., Klinghofer, V., Basha, F., Marsden, P.A., Hokari, A., Ogura, T., Esumi, H. and Carter, G.W.: Functional expression of three isoforms of human nitric oxide synthase in baculovirus-in-fected insect cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 206: 511, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. McCall, T.B., Boughton-Smith, N.K., Palmer, R.M.J., Whittle, B.J.R. and Moneada, S.: Synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine. Release and interaction with superoxide anion. Biochem. J., 261: 293, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Pollock, J.S., F. stermann, U., Michell, J.A., Warner, T.D., Schmidt, H.H.H.W., Nakane, M. and Murad, F.: Purification and characterization of particulate endothelium-derived relaxing factor synthase from cultured and native bovine aortic endothelial cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88: 10480, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Cho, H.J., Xie, Q.-W., Calaycay, J., Mumford, R.A., Swiderek, K.M., Lee, T.D. and Nathan, C.: Calmodulin is a subunit of nitric oxide synthase from macrophages. J. Exp. Med., 176: 599, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Reiling, N., Ulmer, A.J., Durchow, M., Ernst, M., Fiad, H.D. and Hauschilt, S.: Nitric oxide synthase: mRNA expression of different isoforms in human monocytes/macrophages. Eur. J. Immunol., 24: 1941, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Maciejewski, J.P., Selleri, C., Sato, T., Cho, H.J., Keefer, L.K., Nathan, C.F. and Young, N.S.: Nitric oxide suppression of human hematopoiesis in vitro. Contribution to inhibitory action of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J. Clin. Invest., 96: 1085, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Laffi, G., Foshci, M., Mansi, E., Simoni, A., Mugnai, L., LaVilla, G., Barletta, G., Mannaioni, P.F. and Gentilini, P.: Increased production of nitric oxide by neutrophils and monocytes from cirrhotic patients with ascites and hyperdynamic circulation. Hepatology, 22: 1666, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Persson, M.G., Zetterstrom, O., Agrenius, V., Ihre, E. and Gustafsson, L.E.: Single-breath nitric oxide measurements in asthmatic patients and smokers. Lancet, 343: 146, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Farrell, A.J., Blake, D.R., Palmer, R.M.J, and Moneada, S.: Increased concentration of nitrite in synovial fluid and serum samples suggest increased nitric oxide synthesis in rheumatic diseases. Ann. Rheum Dis., 51: 1219, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Grabowski, P.S, England, A.J., Dykhuizen, R., Copland, M., Benjamin, N., Reid, D.M. and Ralston, S.H.: Elevated nitric oxide production in rheumatoid arthritis detection using the fasting urinary nitrateicreat-inine ratio. Arthritis and Rheumatol., 39: 643, 1996.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Anstey, N.M., Weinberg, J.B., Hassanali, M.Y., Mwaikambo, E.D., Manyenga, D., Misukonis, M.A., Amelle, D.R., Hollis, D., McDonald, M. I. and Granger, D.L.: Nitric oxide in Tanzanian children with malaria: inverse relationship between malaria severity and nitric oxide production/nitric oxide synthase type 2 expression. J. Exp. Med., 8: 557, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Middleton, S.J., Shorthouse, M. and Hunter, J.O.: Increased nitric oxide synthesis in ulcerative colitis. Lancet, 341: 465, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Ellie, E., Loiseau, H., Lafond, F., Arsaut, J. and Desmotes-Mainard, J.: Differential expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in human brain tumours. NeuroReport, 7: 294, 1995.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Swana, H.S., Smith, S.D., Perrotta, P., Saito, N., Wheeler, M.A. and Weiss, R.M.: Nitric oxide synthase in human transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J. Urol, (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  53. Miles, A. M., Owens, M.W., Milligan, S., Johnson, G.G., Fields, J. Z., Ing, T.S., Kottapalli, V., Ke-shavarzian, A., and Grisham, M.B.: Nitric oxide synthase in circulating vs. extravasated polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J. Leuk. Biol. 58: 616, 1995.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Evans, T.J., Buttery, L.D.K., Carpenter, A., Springall, D.R., Polak, J.M. and Cohen, J.: Cytokine-treated human neutrophils contain inducible nitric oxide synthase that produces nitration of ingested bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95: 9553, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Stein, PC., Pham, H., Ito, T. and Parsons, C.L.: Bladder injury model induced in rats by exposure to protamine sulfate followed by bacterial endotoxin. J. Urol., 155: 1133, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Cross, A.: The importance of a lipopolysaccharide-initiated, cytokine-mediated host defense mechanism in mice against extra-intestinally invasive Escherichia coli. J. Clin. Invest., 96: 676, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Fleming, I., Gray, G.A., Julou-Schaeffer, G., Parratt, J.R. and Stocklet, J.C.: Incubation with endotoxin activates the L-arginine pathway in vascular tissue. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 171: 562, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Knowles, R.G., Merrett, M., Salter, M. and Moneada, S.: Differential induction of brain, lung and liver nitric oxide synthase by endotoxin in the rat. Biochem. J., 270: 833, 1990.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Cook, H.T., Bune, A.J., Jansen, A.S., Taylor, G.M., Loi, R.K. and Catte, V.: Cellular localization of inducible nitric oxide synthase in experimental endotoxic shock in the rat. Clin. Sci., 87: 179, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Weisbrodt, N.W., Pressley, T.A., Li, Y.F., Zembowicz, M.J., Higham, S.C., Zembowicz, A., Lodato, R.F. and Moody, F.G.: Decreased ileal muscle contractility and increased NOS II expression induced by lipopolysaccharide. Am.J. Physiol., 271: G454, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Schneider, F.L., Bücher, B., Schott, C., Andre, A., Jules-Schaeffer, G. and Stoclet, J.-C.: Effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on function of rat small femoral arteries. Am. J. Physiol., 266: H191, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520-9041, USA

    Marcia A. Wheeler, Shannon D. Smith & Robert M. Weiss

Authors
  1. Marcia A. Wheeler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shannon D. Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Robert M. Weiss
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, USA

    Laurence S. Baskin  & Simon W. Hayward  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wheeler, M.A., Smith, S.D., Weiss, R.M. (1999). Induction of Nitric Oxide Synthase with Urinary Tract Infections. In: Baskin, L.S., Hayward, S.W. (eds) Advances in Bladder Research. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 462. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4737-2_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4737-2_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7147-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4737-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation