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The Hunt for A Retinal-Specific Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in Sheep Liver

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Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 7

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 463))

Abstract

During past 7 years, a number of retinal-specific aldehyde dehydrogenases have been identified in rat (RaIDH1, el Akawi and Napoli, 1994; Posch et al, 1992; RalDH2, Wang t al, 1996; RALDH-1, Bhat et al, 1995; Labreque et al, 1993; Labreque et al, 1995) mouse (RALDH-2; Zhao et al, 1996) tissues. In higher mammals such as horse, sheep and human, the major Class 1 aldehyde dehydrogenase (A1DH) is known to oxidise retinal, but it has not been clearly established whether this is the major A1DH that oxidises retinal or whether there is another retinal-specific enzyme as well. The Class 1 A1DH in higher mammals is not specific for retinal; it readily oxidises a wide range of other aldehydes (Klyosov, 1996). For human Class 1 A1DH, previous kinetic studies have yielded varying estimates of the Km for all-trans- retinal. Using a spectrophotometric method giving a single reaction progress curve, Yoshida et al (1992) reported a Km of 0. 06 M, and using a similar method Klyosov (1996) reported a Km of 1. 1 μM. This difference is significant in considering the possible importance of the Class 1 A1DH in retinal metabolism in vivo, since cellular retinal concentrations are likely to be about 0. 1 μM (Yoshidaet al, 1992). The purpose of the current study was two-fold: firstly, to investigate the possibility that retinal-specific AlDHs are present in sheep as well as in rat and mouse sues, and secondly, to carry out more accurate kinetic characterisation of the Class AlDHs from sheep and human with retinal as a substrate.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Human Health, New Zealand

    Kathryn E. Kitson

  2. Massey University, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    Treena J. Blythe

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  1. Kathryn E. Kitson
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  2. Treena J. Blythe
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA

    Henry Weiner

  2. Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Edmund Maser

  3. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

    David W. Crabb

  4. University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA

    Ronald Lindahl

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Kitson, K.E., Blythe, T.J. (1999). The Hunt for A Retinal-Specific Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in Sheep Liver. In: Weiner, H., Maser, E., Crabb, D.W., Lindahl, R. (eds) Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 7. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 463. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4735-8_26

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4735-8_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7146-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4735-8

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