Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) accumulation in walnut cotyledons is seen as a detoxification mechanism protecting the sensitive plant tissues of seeds from highly toxic ammonia concentrations following seed desiccation. Different metabolic pathways and cell compartments are involved in biosynthesis and storage of 5-HT. Ammonia fixation and incorporation into the indole moiety of tryptophan is followed by 5-HT biosynthesis via tryptamine in a two-step pathway with the adaptive tryptophan decarboxylase and the constitutive tryptamine 5-hydroxylase. Evidence is provided that tryptamine 5-hydroxylase is a member of the cytochrome P450 family which is involved in lipid hydroxylation processes in the very early period of seed development.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aebi, H., 1974, Katalase. in: Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse I. (H. Bergmeyer, ed.), pp. 636–648, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim.
Boll, M. and Kardinal, A., 1990, Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase from spruce (Picea abies). Properties and regulation, Z. Naturforsch. 45c:973–979.
Bomhoff, G.H. and Spencer, M., 1977, Optimum pH and ionic strength for the assay of cytochrome c oxidase from pea cotyledon mitochondria, Can. J. Biochem. 55:114–116.
Bradford, M.M., 1976, A rapid and sensitive method of the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding, Analyt. Biochem. 72:248–254.
Grosse, W. and Artigas, F., 1983, Incorporation of 15N-ammonia into serotonin in cotyledons of maturing walnuts, Z. Naturforsch. 38c:1057–1058.
Grosse, W. and Schmidt, U., 1980, Ammonia detoxification by formation of serotonin in seeds of Juglans regia L. I. Accumulation of serotonin in protein bodies, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 93:575–585.
Grosse, W., 1977, Ammonia detoxification and tryptophan synthesis in leucoplasts of walnuts, Z. Pflanzen-physiol. 83:249–255.
Grosse, W., 1982, Function of serotonin in seeds of walnuts. Phytochemistry 21:819–822.
Grosse, W., Karisch, M., and Schröder, P., 1983, Serotonin biosynthesis and its regulation in seeds of Juglans regia L, Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 110:221–229.
Schröder, P. and Beiford, E.J., 1996, Untersuchungen zur Aktivität von Glutathion S-Transferasen in Nadeln von Fichten im Schulterberg-und Christlumprofil, FBVA-Berichte 94:75–82.
Schröder, P. and Stampfl, A., 1998, Visualization of glutathione conjugation and inducibility of glutathione S-transferases in onion (Allium cepa L.) epidermal tissue, Xenobiotica, submitted.
Smith, T.A., 1976, Review: Tryptamine and related compounds in plants. Phytochemistry 16:171–175.
Tolbert, N.E., 1974, Isolation of subcellular organells of metabolism on isopycnic sucrose gradients, in: Methods in Enzymology 31, Biomembranes Part C (Fleischer, S. and Packer, L., eds.), pp. 734–746, Acad. Press, New York.
Yonetani, T., 1967, Cytochrome c oxidase: Beef heart, in: Methods in Enzymology 10, Biomembranes (Colowick, S.P. and Kaplan, N.O., eds.), pp. 734–746, Acad. Press, New York.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schröder, P., Abele, C., Gohr, P., Stuhlfauth-Roisch, U., Grosse, W. (1999). Latest on Enzymology of Serotonin Biosynthesis in Walnut Seeds. In: Huether, G., Kochen, W., Simat, T.J., Steinhart, H. (eds) Tryptophan, Serotonin, and Melatonin. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 467. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4709-9_81
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4709-9_81
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7133-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4709-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive