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Theoretical Perspectives in Environment-Behavior Research pp 247–267Cite as

Residential Crowding in the Context of Inner City Poverty

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Abstract

The accumulation of stressful experiences leads to increased risk for adverse outcomes as the adaptive capabilities of the organism are increasingly challenged. If this proposition is correct, then an important omission in environmental stress research has been the examination of crowding, noise, pollution, heat, poor housing quality, and other physical stressors in isolation of the naturalistic contexts in which they normally occur (Bronfenbrenner, 1979; Cohen, Evans, Stokols, & Krantz, 1986; Petrinovich, 1979). This chapter examines residential crowding from an ecological perspective. Crowding is one among several, adverse environmental conditions more likely to occur for poor households and among ethnic minority families. The concentration of low income households in the inner city brings with it heightened exposure to environmental stressors. Housing in the inner city is often both relatively expensive and small. Those with limited financial resources must compromise on the size as well as the quality of their housing. Moreover, low income, minority families often must accept housing in less desirable neighborhoods characterized by poor physical conditions such as noise, pollution, physical decay, as well as cope with inadequate public services. These constraints on residential choice are magnified for ethnic minorities by housing discrimination or the need to be proximate to others who share a common language and culture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Design & Environmental Analysis, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-4401, USA

    Gary W. Evans

  2. Graduate Center CUNY, Environmental Psychology, New York, NY, 10036, USA

    Susan Saegert

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  1. Gary W. Evans
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  2. Susan Saegert
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

    Seymour Wapner

  2. Suffolk University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Jack Demick

  3. University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

    Jack Demick

  4. Research Institute of Human and Health Science, Yokohama, Japan

    Takiji Yamamoto

  5. Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Hirofumi Minami

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Evans, G.W., Saegert, S. (2000). Residential Crowding in the Context of Inner City Poverty. In: Wapner, S., Demick, J., Yamamoto, T., Minami, H. (eds) Theoretical Perspectives in Environment-Behavior Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4701-3_20

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