Abstract
The recent discovery of perchlorate (ClO4 − ) in several groundwater wells in Nevada, California, and Utah, has generated considerable interest in potential treatment technologies to remove the contaminant from water supplies. Biological and physico-chemical treatment technologies are currently under investigation for their potential to economically remove perchlorate from waters. In November 1998, several researchers were awarded grants from the American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AWWARF)1 to investigate the potential of ion-exchange, biodégradation, membrane filtration, and ozone/granular activated carbon systems to remove perchlorate from waters. Strong-base ion-exchange resins have proven to be very effective in removing perchlorate from waters to very low levels.2,3,4 There are, however, two issues that deserve further consideration before ion-exchange can be used to economically remove perchlorate from waters. The first issue is resin regeneration. Regeneration of perchlorate-laden resins has been proven to be very difficult since perchlorate attaches very strongly to the resins. Several bed volumes of 12% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution were able to remove only a small portion of the perchlorate loaded to styrenic type strong-base resins2 and heating perchlorate-laden strong-base resins during regeneration has been investigated with some degree of success.3 The regeneration of acrylic type strong-base resins, however, has proven to be quite effective.2 The second issue is the final disposal of regenerant brines containing high concentrations of perchlorate. Any potential technology to remove perchlorate, based on separation, will have to address the final disposal of highly concentrated perchlorate solutions. So far, this issue has not been given much attention.
This work was presented at the 218th national meeting of the American Chemical Society as part of the Environmental Division symposium Perchlorate in the Environment, held August 22–24,1999, in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Batista, J.R., McGarvey, F.X., Vieira, A.R. (2000). The Removal of Perchlorate from Waters Using Ion-Exchange Resins. In: Urbansky, E.T. (eds) Perchlorate in the Environment. Environmental Science Research, vol 57. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4303-9_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4303-9_13
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