Skip to main content

Speech Monitoring in Retarded Children

Evidence for Metalinguistic Competencies*

  • Chapter
New Directions In Language Development And Disorders
  • 391 Accesses

Abstract

This study investigates retarded children’s ability to monitor their speech, identify linguistic problems and attempt repair. Our interest lies with the linguistic and the metalinguistic knowledge revealed through this behavior. The empirical investigation concerns retarded children’s reactions in response to conversational requests for clarification, as detailed below. In an earlier study with normal children of a similar MLU (Levy, in press) it was argued that children’s ability to monitor their speech and locate errors in their own production is evidence for meta-procedures that are fundamental to the use of language as a vehicle for the expression of intentional content. It follows from the analysis proposed in Levy (in press) that similar competencies will be seen in retarded children who use language to communicate. If this expectation is supported by the present research it may have direct bearing on the conceptualization of retardation.

Article FootNote

*This research was supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Psychobiology in Israel, and from the Israeli Foundation for Research in Education, to Dr. Levy and Prof. Ornoy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abbeduto, L. & Rosenberg, S. (1980) The communicative competence of mildly retarded adults. Applied Psycholinguistics, 1, 405–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Austin, J.L. (1962; 1986) How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brinton, B. & Fujiki, M. (1991) Responses to requests for conversational repair by adults with mental retardation. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 34, 1087–1095.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brinton, B., Fujiki, M., Loeb, D.F., & Winkler, E. (1986) Development of conversational repair strategies in response to requests for clarification. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 29,75–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brinton, B., Fujiki, M., Winkler, E., & Loeb, D.F. (1986) Responses to requests for clarification in linguisti-cally normal and language impaired children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorder, 51,370–378.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, R. & Hanlon, C. (1970) Derivational complexity and order of acquisition in child speech. In J.R. Hayes (Ed.) Cognition and the Development of Language. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calculator, S.N. & Delaney, D. (1986) Comparison of nonspeaking and speaking mentally retarded adults’ clarification strategies. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 51, 252–259.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, E.V. (1978) Awareness of language: some evidence from what children say and do. In: Sinclair, A., Jarvella, R.J., & Levelt, W.J.M. (Eds.) The Child’s Conception of Language. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coggins, T.E. & Stoel-Gammon, C. (1982) Clarification strategies used by four Down’s syndrome children for maintaining normal conversational interaction. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 17, 65–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dromi, E. & Berman, R.A. (1982) A morphemic measure of early language development: Data from modern Hebrew. Journal of Child Language, 9, 403–424.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, T.M. & Darnton, B. (1978) Conversational aspects of the speech of language disordered children: Revision behavior. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 21,118–135.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garvey, C. (1977) The contingent query: A dependent act in conversation. In: Lewis, M., & Rosenblum, L.A. (Eds.) Interaction, Conversation and the Development of Language. NY: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geach, P.T. & Kenny, A.J.P. (Eds.) (1971) A. N. Prior Objects of Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1992) Beyond Modularity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitchner, K.S. (1983) Cognition, metacognition and epistemic cognition. Human Development, 26, 222–232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konefal, J.A. & Fokes, J. (1984) Linguistic analysis of children’s conversational repairs. Journal of Psycho-linguistic Research, 13,1, 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W.J.M. (1983) Monitoring and self-repair in speech. Cognition, 14,41–104.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W.J.M. (1989) Speaking: from Intention to Articulation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, Y. (1995) Coding manual for Hebrew texts. Levin Center, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, Y. (in press) Early metalinguistic competence—Data from children’s conversational repairs. Developmental Psychology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whinney, B. (1994) The CHILDES Project. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, J. & Morton, J. (1978) On the mechanics of EMMA. In: A. Sinclair, R.J. Jarvella, & W.J.M. Levelt (Eds.) The Child’s Conception of Language. Berlin: Springer-Verlag (pp. 225–239).

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Searle, J.R. (1983) Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Shatz, M. & O’Reilly, A.W. (1990) Conversational or communicative skill? A reassessment of two-year-olds’ behavior in miscommunication episodes. Journal of Child Language, 17, 131–146.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spilton, D. (1977) Some determinants of effective communication on four year olds. Child Development, 48,968–977.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tomasello, M., Farrar, J., & Dines, J. (1984) Children’s speech revision for a familiar and an unfamiliar adult. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 27,359–363.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tremain, D.H. & Scudder, R.R. (1989) Repair behaviors of educable mentally handicapped and normal children. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, St. Louis, MO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tunmer, W.E., & Herriman, M.L. (1984) The development of metalinguistic awareness: A conceptual overview. In: M.L. Herriman (Ed.) Language Awareness in Children. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Levy, Y., Tennebaum, A., Ornoy, A. (2000). Speech Monitoring in Retarded Children. In: Perkins, M., Howard, S. (eds) New Directions In Language Development And Disorders. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4157-8_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4157-8_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6865-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4157-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics