Abstract
As stated earlier (section 3.1) about 14% of the world production of oils and fats is used by the oleochemical industry and 90% of this is used for the production of soap and other surface-active compounds. This results from the fact that long-chain compounds based on fatty acids are amphiphilic in character. Each molecule contains an aliphatic chain which is lipophilic/ hydrophobic and a polar head group which is hydrophilic/lipophobic and the operation of these opposing properties gives these molecules their characteristic surface-active behaviour. Aspects of this are discussed in section 10.6. Changing the nature of the polar head group, starting most often with glycerol triesters, is therefore of great importance and most oleochemical activity at an industrial level is based on reactions of the carboxyl group. Changes in the alkyl chain depend mainly on the choice of starting material between three major types based on C12 (lauric oils), C16/18 (palm, tallow, etc.), and C12 (erucic oils) chain lengths.
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© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Gunstone, F.D. (1996). Reactions of the carboxyl group. In: Fatty Acid and Lipid Chemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4131-8_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4131-8_8
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