Abstract
By the beginning of the 1980s, it was generally conceded that psychologists had won their hard fought struggle to be included in third-party payment for mental health services. The notable exception was in Medicare and Medicaid, where the inclusion of psychological services was, at best, sparse and spotty and indicated a job yet to be concluded. The history of this movement, which began in the late 1950s, was detailed by Cummings (1979) in an article that fell just short of signaling victory.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bevan, W. (1982). Human welfare and national policy: A conversation with Stuart Eizenstat. American Psychologist, 37, 1128–1135.
Cummings, N. A. (1977). Prolonged or “ideal” versus short-term or “realistic” psychotherapy. Professional Psychology, 8, 491–501.
Cummings, N. A. (1979). Mental health and national health insurance: A case study of the struggle for professional autonomy. In C. A. Kiesler, N. A. Cummings, & G. R. VandenBos (Eds.), Psychology and national health insurance: A sourcebook (pp. 5–16). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Cummings, N. A. (1985). Assessing the computer’s impact: Professional concerns. Computers in Human Behavior, 1, 293–300.
Cummings, N. A. (1986). The dismantling of our health system: Strategies for the survival of psychological practice. American Psychologist, 41, 426–431.
Cummings, N. A. (1987). The future of psychotherapy: One psychologist’s perspective. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 61, 349–360.
Cummings, N. A. (1988a). Brief, intermittent psychotherapy throughout the life cycle. News from EFPPA (European Federation of Professional Psychologists Association), 2(3), 4–11.
Cummings, N. A. (1988b). Emergence of the mental health complex: Adaptive and maladaptive responses. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 19(3), 308–315.
Cummings, N. A., & Bragman, J. I. (1988). Triaging the “somaticizer” out of the medical system into a psychological system. In E. M. Stern & V. F. Stern (Eds.), The psychotherapy patient (pp. 109–112). Binghamton, NY: Syracuse University Press.
Cummings, N. A., & Duhl, L. J. (1986). Mental health: A whole new ballgame. Psychiatric Annals, 16, 93–100.
Cummings, N. A., & Duhl, L. J. (1987). The new delivery system. In L. J. Duhl & N. A. Cummings (Eds.), The future of mental health services: Coping with crisis (pp. 8588). New York: Springer.
Cummings, N. A., & Fernandez, L. E. (1985, March). Exciting future possibilities for psychologists in the marketplace. Independent Practitioner, 3, 38–42.
Cummings, N. A., & Follette, W. T. (1968). Psychiatric services and medical utilization in a prepaid health plan setting: Part 2. Medical Care, 6, 31–41.
Cummings, N. A., & Follette, W. T. (1976). Psychotherapy and medical utilization: An eight-year follow-up. In H. Dorken (Ed.), Professional psychology today (pp. 176–197). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Cummings, N. A., & VandenBos, G. R. (1979). The general practice of psychology. Professional Psychology, 10, 430–440.
Cummings, N. A., & VandenBos, G. R. (1981). The twenty year Kaiser-Permanente experience with psychotherapy and medical utilization: Implications for national health policy and National Health Insurance. Health Policy Quarterly, 1(2), 159–175.
DeLeon, P. H., VandenBos, G. R., & Cummings, N. A. (1983). Psychotherapy—Is it safe, effective and appropriate? The beginning of an evolutionary dialogue. American Psychologist, 38, 907–911.
Duhl, L. J., & Cummings, N. A. (1987). The emergence of the mental health complex. In L. J. Duhl & N. A. Cummings (Eds.), The future of mental health services: Coping with crisis (pp. 1–13). New York: Springer.
Fahrion, S. (1990). Cost effectiveness in biobehavioral treatment of hypertension. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 14, 131–152.
Fahrion, S., Norris, P., Green, E., & Schnar, R. (1987). Behavioral treatment of hypertension: A group outcome study. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 11, 257–278.
Flor, H., Haag, G., Turk, D., & Koehler, H. (1983). Efficacy of biofeedback, pseudotherapy, and conventional medical treatment for chronic rheumatic back pain. Pain, 17, 21–31.
Follette, W. T., & Cummings, N. A. (1967). Psychiatric services and medical utilization in a prepaid health plan setting. Medical Care,5, 25–35.
Friedman, G. D., Ury, H. K., Klatsky, A. L., & Siegelaub, A. B. (1974). A psychological questionnaire predictive of myocardial infarction: Results of the Kaiser-Permanente epidemiologic study of myocardial infarction. Psychosomatic Medicine, 36, 71–97.
Goldberg, I. D., Krantz, G., & Locke, B. Z. (1970). Effect of a short-term outpatient psychiatric therapy benefit on the utilization of medical services in a prepaid group practice medical program. Medical Care,8, 419–428.
Gonick, U., Farrow, I., Meier, M., Ostmand, G., & Frolick, L. (1981). Cost effectiveness of behavioral medicine procedures in the treatment of stress-related disorders. American Journal of Clinical Biofeedback, 4, 16–24.
Jacobs, D. (1988). Cost-effectiveness of specialized psychological programs for reducing hospital stays and outpatient visits. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21, 23–49.
Kaufman, M. (1989). Cancer: Facts vs. feelings. Newsweek (April 24), 10.
Kiesler, C. A. (1982). Mental hospitals and alternative care. Non-institutionalization as potential public policy for mental patients. American Psychologist, 37, 349–360.
Kiesler, C. A., & Morton, T. L. (1988). Psychology and public policy in the “health care revolution.” American Psychologist, 43(12), 993–1003.
Kiesler, C. A., & Sibulkin, A. (1987). Mental hospitalization: Myths and facts about a national crisis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Kramon, G. (1989). Taking a scalpel to health costs. New York Times (January 8), sect. 3, pp. 1, 9–10.
Malan, D. H. (1976). The frontier of brief psychotherapy. New York: Plenum.
Mechanic, D. (1966). Response factors in illness: The study of illness behavior. Social Psychiatry, 1, 106–115.
Mullen, P. (1988). Big increases in health premiums. Health-week, 2, 25, (December 27), pp. 1, 26.
Mullen, P. (1989). Increases in health premiums continue. Healthweek, 3, 22 (November).
Mumford, E., Schlesinger, H. J., & Glass, G. V. (1978). A critical review and indexed bibliography of the literature up to 1978 on the effects of psychotherapy on medical utilization. NIMH: Report to NIMH under Contract No. 278–77–0049-M.H.
Olbrisch, M. (1981). Evaluation of a stress management program. Medical Care, 19, 153–159.
Rand Corporation. (1987, July). A report on the changing practice patterns of primary care physicians in geographical areas with too many physicians. Santa Monica, CA: Author.
Reinhardt, U. E. (1987). Resource allocation in health care: The allocation of lifestyles to providers. The Milbank Quarterly, 65, 153–176.
Rosen, J. C., & Wiens, A. N. (1979). Changes in medical problems and use of medical services following psychological intervention. American Psychologist, 34, 420–431.
Schlesinger, H. J., Mumford, E., & Glass, G. V. (1980). Mental health services and medical utilization. In G. R. VandenBos (Ed.), Psychotherapy: Practice, research,policy. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Shapiro, A. K. (1971). Placebo effects in medicine, psychotherapy and psychoanalysis. In S. L. Garfield & A. E. Bergin (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavioral change: An empirical analysis. New York: Wiley.
Shellenberger, R., Turner, J., Green, J., & Cooney, J. (1986). Health changes in a biofeedback and stress management program. Clinical Biofeedback and Health, 9, 23–24.
Steig, R., & Williams, P. (1983). Cost effectiveness study of multidisciplinary pain treatment of industrial-injured workers. Seminars in Neurology, 3, 375.
Supreme Court to review psychology’s arguments in CAPP v Rank Case. (1988). California Psychologist, Special Edition: CAPP v Rank, December 1.
VandenBos, G. R., & DeLeon, P. H. (1988). The use of psychotherapy to improve physical health. Psychotherapy,25(3), 335–342.
Yates, B. T. (1984). How psychology can improve effectiveness and reduce costs of health services. Psychotherapy,21(3), 439–451.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cummings, N.A. (1991). Arguments for the Financial Efficacy of Psychological Services in Health Care Settings. In: Sweet, J.J., Rozensky, R.H., Tovian, S.M. (eds) Handbook of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3792-2_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3792-2_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6690-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3792-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive