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Regulation of Gene Expression by Thyroid Hormones and Retinoic Acid

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Genetic Engineering

Part of the book series: Genetic Engineering ((GEPM,volume 14))

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Abstract

Thyroid hormones and retinoids are critical regulators of differentiation and homeostasis in diverse cell types. Thyroid hormones, of which L-thyroxine (T4) is the major circulating form and 3,5,3′-L-triiodothyronine (T3) its biologically more active metabolite, are synthesized de novo in all species of vertebrate organisms. Retinoids, in contrast, can be acquired only through dietary ingestion of retinol, β-carotene, or related compounds. Within specific tissues, retinol can be converted in situ to retinoic acid. The temporal and spatial regulation of retinol conversion to retinoic acid and its metabolites appears to be a critically limiting variable for pattern formation in different tissues.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Eukaryotic Regulatory Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, CA, 92093-0648, USA

    Steven M. Lipkin & Michael G. Rosenfeld

  2. Program in Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, CA, 92093-0648, USA

    Steven M. Lipkin

  3. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, CA, 92093-0648, USA

    Michael G. Rosenfeld

  4. Department of Medicine School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, CA, 92093-0648, USA

    Christopher K. Glass

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  1. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA

    Jane K. Setlow

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© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Lipkin, S.M., Rosenfeld, M.G., Glass, C.K. (1992). Regulation of Gene Expression by Thyroid Hormones and Retinoic Acid. In: Setlow, J.K. (eds) Genetic Engineering. Genetic Engineering, vol 14. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3424-2_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3424-2_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6514-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3424-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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